1636: Super Duper

Also, a quick note on the Trump case at SCOTUS, for whatever it’s worth. Super Tuesday is fast approaching, including the Colorado primary. You’ve heard me speak of “mootness” before; if SCOTUS doesn’t decide the Trump case before March 5, it’s hard to see how it wouldn’t become moot and SCOTUS would lose jurisdiction. Talk about an “exit ramp.”

So I think we’ll see a decision in the next 12 days, hopefully sooner than later. If we don’t hear from SCOTUS before Super Tuesday, it would be the single greatest judicial cop-out in our lifetime!

—Rob

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 05:10

South Carolina Primary Who's Running for President? G.O.P. Delegate Tracker Candidates on the Issues A Guide to Super Tuesday U.S. World Business Arts Lifestyle Opinion Audio Games Cooking Wirecutter The Athletic South Carolina Primary Who's Running for President? G.O.P. Delegate Tracker Candidates on the Issues A Guide to Super Tuesday Bracing for yet another election against Donald Trump, America's liberals are feeling the fatigue. ''We're kind of, like, crises-ed out,'' one Democrat said.

Shannon Caseber, a Democrat who would back President Biden over Donald Trump, said, ''Any sense of urgency that we had with the 2020 election '-- I think it's still there in the sense that no one wants Trump to be president, at least for Democrats, but it's exhausting.'' Credit... Jeff Swensen for The New York Times In 2017 they donned pink hats to march on Washington, registering their fury with Donald J. Trump by the hundreds of thousands.

Then they flipped the House from Republican control, won the presidency and secured a surprisingly strong showing in the 2022 midterm elections, galvanized by their conviction that Mr. Trump and his allies constituted a national emergency.

This year, anti-Trump voters are grappling with another powerful sentiment: exhaustion.

''Some folks are burned out on outrage,'' said Rebecca Lee Funk, the Washington-based founder of the Outrage, a progressive activism group and a purveyor of resistance-era apparel. ''People are tired. I think last election we were desperate to get Trump out of office, and folks were willing to rally around that singular call to action. And this election feels different.''

But for Democrats, the mission is similar: Now defending the White House, President Biden is trying to reassemble that sprawling anti-Trump coalition, casting the 2024 contest as another battle to save American democracy as Mr. Trump moves toward the Republican nomination.

Mr. Biden, however, has a lot of work to do. Interviews with nearly two dozen Democratic voters, activists and officials make clear his challenge in energizing Americans who are unenthusiastic about a likely 2020 rematch, are worried about his age, and, in some cases, are struggling to sustain the searing anger toward Mr. Trump that Democrats have relied on for nearly a decade.

''We're kind of, like, crises-ed out,'' said Shannon Caseber, 36, a security guard in Pittsburgh who called the prospect of a Trump-Biden rematch a ''dumpster fire.'' She added, ''It's crisis fatigue, for sure.''

Ms. Caseber, a Democrat who would back Mr. Biden over Mr. Trump, added, ''Any sense of urgency that we had with the 2020 election '-- I think it's still there in the sense that no one wants Trump to be president, at least for Democrats, but it's exhausting.''

Democrats are hardly alone in their political fatigue: A Pew Research Center survey last year found that 65 percent of Americans said they always or often felt exhausted when they thought about politics.

''Exhaustion is underlying the entire attitude toward our presidential election,'' said Whit Ayres, a veteran Republican pollster. ''When you've got two people that are opposed by 70 percent of Americans who want a different choice, it creates frustration, anxiety and discouragement.''

Image Mr. Trump at a campaign rally in Conway, S.C. He faces questions about whether he can expand his political support, but his base remains highly enthusiastic. Credit... Sean Rayford for The New York Times But there are pronounced warning signs on the left, as well.

A CNN poll recently asked how motivated Americans were to vote in the election. Republicans, out of power and eager to regain it, were more likely to say ''extremely motivated.'' A Yahoo News/YouGov poll asked voters last fall about their attitudes toward the 2024 election. Thirty-nine percent of Democrats picked ''exhaustion'' from the list of sentiments offered (a close second to ''dread''). Just 26 percent of Republicans chose ''exhaustion.''

Broadly, surveys have shown erosion in the party's standing with traditional Democratic constituencies. On the left, some groups have warned of funding challenges and voter apathy, and the most visible source of in-the-streets energy is progressive frustration with Mr. Biden over his support for Israel.

Lauren Hitt, a spokeswoman for Mr. Biden, said there was tangible evidence of enthusiasm in recent weeks, including on the fund-raising front.

She also signaled that the campaign's messaging would go beyond simply opposing Mr. Trump, drawing contrasts with Republicans on abortion rights and gun safety as she described the stakes of the election, and nodding to Mr. Biden's policy accomplishments on issues like combating climate change and child poverty.

''This election determines whether we build on that progress or we lose so many of our fundamental freedoms,'' she said in a statement.

Many Democrats have argued that the party must do more to press an affirmative case for Mr. Biden's re-election, beyond just stopping Mr. Trump again. They also worry that some voters could vote third-party or sit out altogether this year.

''They hear it every cycle: This is the most important election ever,'' said Leah D. Daughtry, a Democratic strategist.

While she considers Mr. Trump an ''existential threat,'' she said, ''people want to vote for something and not necessarily against something.''

Max Dower, the founder of the clothing line Unfortunate Portrait, recently designed a $78 shirt that reflected his sense of feeling ''uninspired'' about the election. It featured an image of Mr. Biden, 81, using a walker to fend off a cane-wielding Mr. Trump, 77, with the message, ''Vote 2024.'' He said it had drawn more engagement on social media than any design he had posted in roughly eight years (it also inevitably set off political battles in his Instagram comments).

After years of feeling that the country was veering from one crisis to the next, Mr. Dower, who said he voted for Mr. Biden in 2020, suggested that he was burned out.

''We've dealt with so many emergencies these past few years: national emergencies, perceived emergencies, real emergencies '-- it's just kind of like, that is not really a strong motivator for me anymore,'' said Mr. Dower, who is based in Los Angeles. He declined to say how he would vote this year, but said he was unlikely to cast a ballot for Mr. Trump.

''A lot of us would like a more positive thing to motivate us,'' he said. ''Not just purely, Do this or else this bad thing is going to happen.''

Certainly, Mr. Trump is hardly a morning-in-America candidate. And while some have tuned him out since he left office, he will be unavoidable in an election year '-- reminding voters, Democrats hope, of everything they have long disliked about him.

The former president, whose supporters attacked the Capitol to try to overturn the 2020 election, has encouraged political violence, spread conspiracy theories and preached a darkly nativist vision. He has sought to undermine American institutions and threatened to upend the international order, recently suggesting that he would encourage Russian aggression against American allies.

''People are going to be more alert because Trump has become even more outrageous in his post-presidency,'' Gov. Roy Cooper of North Carolina, a Democrat, said in an interview last month. ''It will be a challenge to make sure that people are aware of what he is doing, because I think that sometimes he is so outrageous, so consistently, that there's a danger that it can be normalized. But I do believe that the stakes will be so high in this election that people will, at the end of the day, understand that our democracy truly is at stake.''

Image Gov. Roy Cooper of North Carolina, a Democrat, said it would be a challenge to make sure that voters are aware of what Mr. Trump is doing ''because I think that sometimes he is so outrageous, so consistently, that there's a danger that it can be normalized.'' Credit... Anna Rose Layden for The New York Times Democrats are also trying to put abortion rights on the ballot, literally and figuratively. The Biden campaign has already started advertising on the issue.

Leah Greenberg, the co-executive director of the Indivisible Project, a progressive grass-roots group, said her organization was supporting ballot measure efforts that would protect abortion rights in key states. She also argued that full Democratic control of Washington could lead to meaningful abortion protections nationally.

''Burnout tends to be a function of a sense of powerlessness,'' she said. ''People are activated around getting our rights back.''

That kind of message resonated with Dorothy Stevenson, 64, of Milwaukee. She did not vote for president in 2020, she said, alluding to Mr. Biden's tough-on-crime record as a senator, saying she worried at the time that he was not ''really for Black people.'' Now, she said, she is unexcited by her choices, but intends to support Mr. Biden because she believes the stakes of the election are higher.

''It's really, really, really, really because of the abortion issue '-- I think that they need to stay away from women's bodies,'' she said. The potential return of Mr. Trump, she said, is ''a crisis.''

Image Dorothy Stevenson digging out a protest sign this month in Milwaukee. Credit... Jamie Kelter Davis for The New York Times Many Americans have been in denial about the prospect of a Trump-Biden rematch. But as Mr. Trump moves closer to being renominated, some Democrats say their voters are beginning to grasp the significance of his return.

Representative Veronica Escobar, Democrat of Texas and a Biden campaign co-chair, said she ''heard some fatigue and some concern'' in the recent past.

But after Mr. Trump won the New Hampshire primary, she said, ''there has been a palpable shift. And it's what I had hoped for. I hope we can sustain it and grow it.''

In Washington, Ms. Funk of the Outrage suggested that to do so, some voters now ''want to be reminded of what's good about this country.''

''It's been a long slog,'' she added, ''for those of us in the movement.''

Ruth Igielnik contributed reporting.

Katie Glueck is a national political reporter. Previously, she was chief Metro political correspondent, and a lead reporter for The Times covering the Biden campaign. She also covered politics for McClatchy's Washington bureau and for Politico. More about Katie Glueck

A letter describing Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny as a paid agent of British-American investor William Browder is fake, former CIA agent Valerie Plame told the Dozhd television channel on Monday.

The letter was shown during the weekly "Vesti Nedeli" news show on the Rossia 1 channel which showed a clip from the "The Browder Effect" film — due to be aired in full on Wednesday, the RBC news website reported.

"I think that the letter is fake," said Plame, adding that she had never heard of Alexei Navalny or William Browder.

The film claimed that Navalny, under the pseudonym "Freedom," cooperated with Browder in an operation called "Quake," allegedly designed by the CIA in 1986 to undermine the Russian constitutional order.

The film also shows a letter allegedly signed by Valerie Plame in September 2009. In an interview to Dozhd, Plame said that she left the CIA before 2009.

Navalny said that he plans to sue Rossia 1 and its anchor Dmitry Kiselyov for slander, RBC reported. "It is his right," Kiselyov said in response, adding that the film will be shown regardless of the oppositioner's claims.

Veteran news and programming executive Joel Cheatwood, known for his work at WCBS, CNN, and Fox News, will be chief operating officer of Merit Street Media. The network said that announcements on network executives, show producers, cable providers, and additional programming will come over the next few months.

Link

Experience | Joel Cheatwood | LinkedIn

Joel Cheatwood - Wikipedia

Merit Street Media

Investors are pouring record amounts of money into US farmland as they snap up an asset expected to outperform as the world’s population grows sharply while natural resources become scarcer.

The value of farmland held by investment groups has more than doubled over the past three years, according to the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries (NCREIF).

Its value hit $16.6bn at the end of 2023, up from $7.4bn at the end of 2020 and $1.8bn in 2008, said the NCREIF, which tracks the holdings of some of the largest agricultural investment funds in the US.

The average value of US cropland has also swelled in recent decades, rising to $5,460 per acre last year from $1,270 per acre in 1997.

These values are expected to continue surging as climate change makes arable land increasingly scarce as the global population rises.

With the number of people on the planet set to rise 20 per cent to about 10bn by 2050 from about 8bn today, the world will need to produce 60 per cent more food, according to UN estimates.


The jump in value of US land has been driven by the Covid-19 pandemic, which upended global supply chains during 2020, leaving supermarket shelves bare.

Then, in February 2022 Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, one of the world’s biggest exporters of grain to global markets, sent food commodity prices soaring.

“Married with rising inflation”, this made agricultural land more appealing to investors, said Cedric Garnier-Landurie, head of agriculture at Cordiant Capital, a specialist global infrastructure investor.

“If there’s one asset class that hasn’t lost money in the medium to long term, it has been farmland.”

But even [with inflation easing,](https://archive.ph/o/w8DDQ/https://www.ft.com/content/3f761ada-65e1-4e9a-9959-cb9c83bba4de) investors are not losing their taste for agricultural holdings, say fund managers.

“The secular trends are extremely attractive,” said Antoine Bisson-McLernon, chief executive of Fiera Comox, a subsidiary focused on private assets for global assessment management company Fiera Capital, which has about $2bn in agricultural assets under management.

“If you have a long-term view of the world, owning quality land, with access to water is a good place to be,” added Bisson-McLernon, who before joining Fiera Comox launched the agricultural investment strategy of Public Sector Pension Investment Board (PSP), one of Canada’s largest pension investment managers.


‘Arable land for farming is not something we can make more of’ © E. Jason Wambsgans/Chicago Tribune/Tribune News Service via Getty Images

Fiera Comox and Cordiant Capital focus on permanent crops such as apples, cherries and almonds, although most institutional investments in the US have been in row crops, such as wheat, corn, soyabean and other globally traded produce.

After the 2008 financial crisis, large investment groups such as PGIM, PSP and TIAA started to buy up more US agricultural land as they sought to diversify and protect their portfolios against downturns in equity markets through what is seen as an uncorrelated asset class.

Their strategy was put to the test again in 2022 as inflation soared and stocks and bonds saw double-digit percentage falls.

“Even some of the private assets that are known to be good diversifiers, such as real estate, were hit during \[2022\], whereas farmland actually performed quite well,” said Bisson-McLernon, adding that “2022 really opened the eyes of many investors \[to farmland\]”.

The last couple of years have increased investor understanding of the growing demand for food as well as the constraints on the supply side, said Jamie Shen, managing director and head of agriculture at PGIM Real Estate, which today manages more than $10bn across agricultural debt and equity strategies on behalf of institutional investors.

Investors “can get their head around this idea that we have a growing population, that we need more food and that arable land for farming is not something we can make more of”, she said, adding that PGIM “is continuing to see investor demand because of those things”.

Still, only between 1 per cent and 3 per cent of the $3.4tn market is owned by investment funds, according to industry estimates. Family-owned and operated businesses account for 95 per cent of all US farms, according to the most recent data from the US Department of Agriculture.


Some farmers’ organisations nonetheless see the land grab by investment funds as a threat to rural communities.

The average age of an American farmer is 58, according to the USDA. This means that about 400mn acres of farmland is set to change hands in the next decade or so, said Jordan Treakle from the National Family Farm Coalition.

“There’s significant concern that these companies are going to be in control of the agricultural land base in this country,” he said.

Link

To answer your wonder abouts for this chemical sprayed on plants. I should check if this is in any of the new plant growth inhibitors being pushed by our agronomists and chem rep sales people.

All those desired outcomes like stem thickness, root growth, height sounds exactly like current growth inhibitors on market from Bayer etc.

For us farmers the intent is that while we continue to push max fertility packages to offset rising costs and weak commodity prices you get cereal crops that fall down and lodge. This results in loss of yield and quality and makes harvesting a nightmare. So some genius decided to use another chemical to effectively help keep the plant standing while still having a massive head full of seed.

Adam—In the spirit of keeping y’all updated, here’s an interesting little analysis from Law360 concerning _Chevron_ deference, highlighted per my usual.

Yesterday, SCOTUS conducted oral arguments on a different case brought by a truck stop (_Corner Post v. Bd. of Governors of the Fed. Reserve Sys._).

As background, every time the federal government issues a final regulation, members of the public have six years to challenge the reg under the Administrative Procedures Act. But what happens if a business didn’t exist until Year 7? Should the six-year statute of limitations apply to that new business? That’s what this new case is about.

During oral argument, Justices Jackson and Kagan worried that creating a loophole for new businesses would result in an “uptick” (LOL) of fresh challenges to settled regulations that have been on the books for decades. Counsel for the truck stop pointed out that no uptick occurred when the Sixth Circuit recognized the loophole.

That’s when the Justices brought up _Chevron_: They openly mused that no uptick occurred because _Chevron_ deference made regulatory challenges too difficult to pursue. And then they suggested that _Chevron’s_ days may be numbered.

I meant to send you this last week regarding the Catholic Charities helping migrants cross the border. I heard this several times and as a lifelong Catholic (admittingly a bit lapse but not lost) I was pretty upset and embarrassed that the church could be involved with something like this. Looking back I think that was the point of this potential op.

The Catholic church is no stranger to controversy but openly participating in human trafficking is something different. Rather than making a pointless argument on social media I put on my media deconstruction hat and reached out to some boots on the ground familiar with the matter.

Who is this Catholic Charity?

After speaking to my friend John Rourke from Blue Line Moving who has been down to the border many times to volunteer with garbage cleanup and abandoned dog rescues. I asked him is this really happening and if so who is this Catholic Charity they speak of?

He said that the main one is called "Catholic Charities of USA"

Link

I then reached out to my uncle, a retired Navy Doc and devout Catholic and asked him why the Catholic church was participating in this and sent him the website for this group mentioned above.

He replied to me that they are a fraud and that there are many similar groups using the name of the Catholic church as a front for nefarious activities. He then directed me to the Lepanto Institute which was "created to present the facts regarding organizations that claim the name Catholic or even Christian, but are acting in opposition to the teachings of our Blessed Lord and His Holy and Immaculate Church".

[https://www.lepantoin.org/wp/charity-reports/](https://www.lepantoin.org/wp/charity-reports/)

The point of this note is not to defend the Catholic church which I understand is not everyone's cup of tea but rather highlight that there is a real effort to co-opt religious organizations by evil doers to create further division. I'm going to look deeper into this specific charity and will keep an eye out for similar "theocratic false flags".

In the morning Adam and John!

short polish news from me this time around (and from Anna, kind salutes from her as well). Sorry cause the video is from a polish news independent TV station (translated in english the name is "Television Republic") and it is a right wing independent TV. I know how you two admire our Queen Ursula so you might be of interest to you that her puppet made of hay was burned publicly in the streets of the city of Olsztyn (pronounced similarly to: "all-sht-an") by the farmers as Poland wide farmers protest that's been going on for weeks now (I believe it was already started last year but at the time it consisted only of blockades on the border with Ukraine and for a few weeks now it's in all the country similarly to what is going on in Germany and a couple of other countries in EU). However the last few weeks the things with the farmers really got hot hot hot and polish farmers blame Ursula for all the troubles they're having and about to have.

So here's the video, once again sorry it's in polish but probably impossible to find elsewhere:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlVoGdXpnGM

As a side note, before Tusk and Sikorski have taken over we had quite good and objective channel in english TVP World - it'd been taken down after the new government took over under the leadership of those two guys even though it the information presented there were by no means controversial and mostly neutral (a lot of it were news from Ukraine and they were quite objective I would say, really not that much of ukrainian propaganda... and maybe that was the problem: not enough of the ukrainian propaganda about "how well the war efforts are proceeding"). However there might be another layer to this, because I've encountered an interesting opinion on this, that english broadcasting channel TVP World (part of polish public national tv network) was suspended (officially it was not liquidated but "suspended" pending further decisions from Sikorski how to "properly" use it) so that the only news that US receive about Poland would be what comes out of Anne Applebaum's mouth - and that would also be what Radek Sikorski - Anne Applebaum's husband - wants to be communicated to the american public. It is only an opinion but from my point of view and based on what I know about this couple and the whole Tusk-Sirkorski-Applebaum triangle I deem it highly likely to be the case. Interestingly by the end of the previous year Applebaum and Tusk published a book titled "Choice" and it's more less a river interview with Tusk about "his never ending fight for the democracy" and it was part of his ongoing crusade about right wing, conservative values and Poland as a country and polish nation in general.

So that's our polish update, I am sorry it is not that frequent but I had a lot on my mind lately (still even now but burning of Ursula at the stake, come on, how could I miss that?).

Cheers!

Adam and Anna

PS. By the way, we loved the last piece on Tucker about how he was so in awe of "russian supermarket cart wheels for coins" - he really should get out more often to see what the real world looks like :)

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Thu, 22 Feb 2024 16:57

live Updates South Carolina Primary Who's Running for President? G.O.P. Delegate Tracker Candidates on the Issues A Guide to Super Tuesday U.S. World Business Arts Lifestyle Opinion Audio Games Cooking Wirecutter The Athletic live Updates South Carolina Primary Who's Running for President? G.O.P. Delegate Tracker Candidates on the Issues A Guide to Super Tuesday Bracing for yet another election against Donald Trump, America's liberals are feeling the fatigue. ''We're kind of, like, crises-ed out,'' one Democrat said.

Shannon Caseber, a Democrat who would back President Biden over Donald Trump, said, ''Any sense of urgency that we had with the 2020 election '-- I think it's still there in the sense that no one wants Trump to be president, at least for Democrats, but it's exhausting.'' Credit... Jeff Swensen for The New York Times In 2017 they donned pink hats to march on Washington, registering their fury with Donald J. Trump by the hundreds of thousands.

Then they flipped the House from Republican control, won the presidency and secured a surprisingly strong showing in the 2022 midterm elections, galvanized by their conviction that Mr. Trump and his allies constituted a national emergency.

This year, anti-Trump voters are grappling with another powerful sentiment: exhaustion.

''Some folks are burned out on outrage,'' said Rebecca Lee Funk, the Washington-based founder of the Outrage, a progressive activism group and a purveyor of resistance-era apparel. ''People are tired. I think last election we were desperate to get Trump out of office, and folks were willing to rally around that singular call to action. And this election feels different.''

But for Democrats, the mission is similar: Now defending the White House, President Biden is trying to reassemble that sprawling anti-Trump coalition, casting the 2024 contest as another battle to save American democracy as Mr. Trump moves toward the Republican nomination.

Mr. Biden, however, has a lot of work to do. Interviews with nearly two dozen Democratic voters, activists and officials make clear his challenge in energizing Americans who are unenthusiastic about a likely 2020 rematch, are worried about his age, and, in some cases, are struggling to sustain the searing anger toward Mr. Trump that Democrats have relied on for nearly a decade.

''We're kind of, like, crises-ed out,'' said Shannon Caseber, 36, a security guard in Pittsburgh who called the prospect of a Trump-Biden rematch a ''dumpster fire.'' She added, ''It's crisis fatigue, for sure.''

Ms. Caseber, a Democrat who would back Mr. Biden over Mr. Trump, added, ''Any sense of urgency that we had with the 2020 election '-- I think it's still there in the sense that no one wants Trump to be president, at least for Democrats, but it's exhausting.''

Democrats are hardly alone in their political fatigue: A Pew Research Center survey last year found that 65 percent of Americans said they always or often felt exhausted when they thought about politics.

''Exhaustion is underlying the entire attitude toward our presidential election,'' said Whit Ayres, a veteran Republican pollster. ''When you've got two people that are opposed by 70 percent of Americans who want a different choice, it creates frustration, anxiety and discouragement.''

Image Mr. Trump at a campaign rally in Conway, S.C. He faces questions about whether he can expand his political support, but his base remains highly enthusiastic. Credit... Sean Rayford for The New York Times But there are pronounced warning signs on the left, as well.

A CNN poll recently asked how motivated Americans were to vote in the election. Republicans, out of power and eager to regain it, were more likely to say ''extremely motivated.'' A Yahoo News/YouGov poll asked voters last fall about their attitudes toward the 2024 election. Thirty-nine percent of Democrats picked ''exhaustion'' from the list of sentiments offered (a close second to ''dread''). Just 26 percent of Republicans chose ''exhaustion.''

Broadly, surveys have shown erosion in the party's standing with traditional Democratic constituencies. On the left, some groups have warned of funding challenges and voter apathy, and the most visible source of in-the-streets energy is progressive frustration with Mr. Biden over his support for Israel.

Lauren Hitt, a spokeswoman for Mr. Biden, said there was tangible evidence of enthusiasm in recent weeks, including on the fund-raising front.

She also signaled that the campaign's messaging would go beyond simply opposing Mr. Trump, drawing contrasts with Republicans on abortion rights and gun safety as she described the stakes of the election, and nodding to Mr. Biden's policy accomplishments on issues like combating climate change and child poverty.

''This election determines whether we build on that progress or we lose so many of our fundamental freedoms,'' she said in a statement.

Many Democrats have argued that the party must do more to press an affirmative case for Mr. Biden's re-election, beyond just stopping Mr. Trump again. They also worry that some voters could vote third-party or sit out altogether this year.

''They hear it every cycle: This is the most important election ever,'' said Leah D. Daughtry, a Democratic strategist.

While she considers Mr. Trump an ''existential threat,'' she said, ''people want to vote for something and not necessarily against something.''

Max Dower, the founder of the clothing line Unfortunate Portrait, recently designed a $78 shirt that reflected his sense of feeling ''uninspired'' about the election. It featured an image of Mr. Biden, 81, using a walker to fend off a cane-wielding Mr. Trump, 77, with the message, ''Vote 2024.'' He said it had drawn more engagement on social media than any design he had posted in roughly eight years (it also inevitably set off political battles in his Instagram comments).

After years of feeling that the country was veering from one crisis to the next, Mr. Dower, who said he voted for Mr. Biden in 2020, suggested that he was burned out.

''We've dealt with so many emergencies these past few years: national emergencies, perceived emergencies, real emergencies '-- it's just kind of like, that is not really a strong motivator for me anymore,'' said Mr. Dower, who is based in Los Angeles. He declined to say how he would vote this year, but said he was unlikely to cast a ballot for Mr. Trump.

''A lot of us would like a more positive thing to motivate us,'' he said. ''Not just purely, Do this or else this bad thing is going to happen.''

Certainly, Mr. Trump is hardly a morning-in-America candidate. And while some have tuned him out since he left office, he will be unavoidable in an election year '-- reminding voters, Democrats hope, of everything they have long disliked about him.

The former president, whose supporters attacked the Capitol to try to overturn the 2020 election, has encouraged political violence, spread conspiracy theories and preached a darkly nativist vision. He has sought to undermine American institutions and threatened to upend the international order, recently suggesting that he would encourage Russian aggression against American allies.

''People are going to be more alert because Trump has become even more outrageous in his post-presidency,'' Gov. Roy Cooper of North Carolina, a Democrat, said in an interview last month. ''It will be a challenge to make sure that people are aware of what he is doing, because I think that sometimes he is so outrageous, so consistently, that there's a danger that it can be normalized. But I do believe that the stakes will be so high in this election that people will, at the end of the day, understand that our democracy truly is at stake.''

Image Gov. Roy Cooper of North Carolina, a Democrat, said it would be a challenge to make sure that voters are aware of what Mr. Trump is doing ''because I think that sometimes he is so outrageous, so consistently, that there's a danger that it can be normalized.'' Credit... Anna Rose Layden for The New York Times Democrats are also trying to put abortion rights on the ballot, literally and figuratively. The Biden campaign has already started advertising on the issue.

Leah Greenberg, the co-executive director of the Indivisible Project, a progressive grass-roots group, said her organization was supporting ballot measure efforts that would protect abortion rights in key states. She also argued that full Democratic control of Washington could lead to meaningful abortion protections nationally.

''Burnout tends to be a function of a sense of powerlessness,'' she said. ''People are activated around getting our rights back.''

That kind of message resonated with Dorothy Stevenson, 64, of Milwaukee. She did not vote for president in 2020, she said, alluding to Mr. Biden's tough-on-crime record as a senator, saying she worried at the time that he was not ''really for Black people.'' Now, she said, she is unexcited by her choices, but intends to support Mr. Biden because she believes the stakes of the election are higher.

''It's really, really, really, really because of the abortion issue '-- I think that they need to stay away from women's bodies,'' she said. The potential return of Mr. Trump, she said, is ''a crisis.''

Image Dorothy Stevenson digging out a protest sign this month in Milwaukee. Credit... Jamie Kelter Davis for The New York Times Many Americans have been in denial about the prospect of a Trump-Biden rematch. But as Mr. Trump moves closer to being renominated, some Democrats say their voters are beginning to grasp the significance of his return.

Representative Veronica Escobar, Democrat of Texas and a Biden campaign co-chair, said she ''heard some fatigue and some concern'' in the recent past.

But after Mr. Trump won the New Hampshire primary, she said, ''there has been a palpable shift. And it's what I had hoped for. I hope we can sustain it and grow it.''

In Washington, Ms. Funk of the Outrage suggested that to do so, some voters now ''want to be reminded of what's good about this country.''

''It's been a long slog,'' she added, ''for those of us in the movement.''

Ruth Igielnik contributed reporting.

Katie Glueck is a national political reporter. Previously, she was chief Metro political correspondent, and a lead reporter for The Times covering the Biden campaign. She also covered politics for McClatchy's Washington bureau and for Politico. More about Katie Glueck

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Thu, 22 Feb 2024 16:34

Haaretz | Israel NewsIn response to reports in WaPo regarding a plan to implement the two-state solution, Israel's PM says unilateral recognition of a Palestinian state would be a 'huge prize for terror'

Feb 16, 2024

Feb 16, 2024

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told his cabinet members on Thursday that "Israel rejects international diktats" regarding a Palestinian state.

In the News Paid by Attorney Rakefet Shfaim

ICYMI

1.7 Million Gazans Fled Their Homes. They Have Nowhere to Return ToDalal Abu Amneh Is a Popular Singer and Neuroscientist. Israel Is Out to Destroy Her Life11,500 Children Have Been Killed in Gaza. Horror of This Scale Has No ExplanationHow the Left Became a Politics of Hatred Against JewsMeet the Israelis Physically Blocking the Ethnic Cleansing Unfolding in the West BankWriting These Words in Gaza Could Cost Me My Life

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Thu, 22 Feb 2024 15:46

Apple has announced PQ3, a new post-quantum cryptographic protocol for iMessage. The Cupertino tech giant says that this groundbreaking and state-of-the-art protocol has ''the strongest security properties of any at-scale messaging protocol in the world.'' Apple believes the PQ3 provides ''extensive defenses against even highly sophisticated quantum attacks''.

Let's understand how iMessage's PQ3 protocol works and how differs from other messaging security protocols.

What is PQ3 Protocol?At the moment, communication security is measured by three security levels.

Level 0: In this level, the messages remain unencrypted. Level 1: Here messages are end-to-end encrypted but there's no additional identity authentication or quantum security. Level 2: This includes identity authentication and quantum security but they are limited to the initial key establishment. This means quantum security is offered only if the conversation key material is never compromised. Image Courtesy: AppleThe new iMessage security protocol, PQ3 is the first messaging protocol that qualifies to reach what Apple calls ''Level 3 security''. This uses post-quantum cryptography to secure both the initial key establishment and the ongoing message exchange. In addition, the Level 3 PQC can automatically restore the security of a conversation even when the key is compromised. Therefore, PQ3 is claimed to surpass protocols in all other widely deployed messaging apps.

Why is Apple Shifting to PQ3 Protocol for iMessage?Apple's iMessage has always supported end-to-end encryption. When launched back in 2011, iMessage was the first widely available messaging app to support end-to-end encryption by default. Over the years, Apple has significantly improved its cryptography. However, the existing common cryptographic algorithms used by messaging apps rely on mathematical problems that could potentially be solved by sufficiently powerful quantum computers.

Such quantum computers don't exist today. However, resourced attackers can do the homework before future arrival. Such attackers can manage to collect large amounts of encrypted data and store it for future reference. Although they can't decrypt any of this collected data today, they can do it in the future using a quantum computer. This attack scenario is known as Harvest Now, Decrypt Later.

The iMessage's new security protocol, PQ3 is designed to protect users against ''Harvest Now, Decrypt Later'' attacks. Apple says that since PQ3 achieved ''Level 3'' security, it secures ''both the initial key establishment and the ongoing message exchange.''

How Does PQ3 Protocol Work?The new PQ3 protocol brings a new post-quantum encryption key to the set of public keys. Each device generates these public keys locally and then transmits them to Apple servers as part of the iMessage registration process. For this, Apple uses the Module Lattice-based Key Encapsulation Mechanism standard or ML-KEM which enables the sender devices to get a receiver's public keys and generate post-quantum encryption keys for the very first message. This works even if the receiver is offline.

Then Apple includes a periodic post-quantum rekeying mechanism within the conversation. This mechanism can self-heal from key compromise and safeguard future messages.

''In PQ3, the new keys sent along with the conversation are used to create fresh message encryption keys that can't be computed from past ones, thereby bringing the conversation back to a secure state even if previous keys were extracted or compromised by an adversary.'' '' Apple

Impressively, PQ3 is the first large-scale cryptographic messaging protocol that deploys this post-quantum rekeying property.

Benefits of PQ3 ProtocolFor PQ3, Apple didn't replace or modify the existing algorithms. Rather, it has rebuilt the iMessage cryptographic protocol from scratch, to deliver the following benefits:

Protects the entire communication from current and future adversaries.It limits how many past and future messages can be decrypted with a single compromised key. This mitigates the impact of key compromises.Amortize message size to prevent any excessive additional overheads.PQ3 is based on a hybrid design that combines new post-quantum algorithms with current Elliptic Curve algorithms. This ensures that PQ3 is never less safe than existing protocols.Formal verification methods to advanced security assurances.PQ3 Protocol Availability in iMessageApple will gradually start rolling PQ3 for supported iMessage conversations with iOS 17.4, iPadOS 17.4, macOS 14.4, and watchOS 10.4. The giant says that the latest beta versions of these software updates already have this security protocol. Apple also confirmed that visionOS won't have the PQ3 protocol during the initial rollout.

Later this year, PQ3 is expected to fully replace the existing iMessage's cryptography protocol within all supported conversations. Bear in mind, that the devices must be running the latest software versions.

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Archived Version

Thu, 22 Feb 2024 15:34

Boeing Co. ousted the head of its 737 Max program, shaking up management less than two months after the midair blowout that's led to withering scrutiny of manufacturing quality at the US planemaker.

Ed Clark, who helped ramp up 737 production in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic, is stepping down immediately after nearly 18 years at Boeing, the company said Wednesday. Katie Ringgold succeeds him as vice president and general manager of the 737 program and Boeing's factory in Renton, Washington.

Boeing also promoted production chief Elizabeth Lund to a new post as senior vice president of quality at Boeing Commercial Airplanes. She will also serve on the executive committee as chair of the planemaker's quality operations council.

The management changes are the first undertaken since the company was plunged into crisis after a door plug exploded off a nearly new 737 Max on Jan. 5. US regulators have sent teams of inspectors to Boeing's factories to review its quality controls and those of the supplier that makes most of the 737 Max's fuselage.

In an unprecedented move, the Federal Aviation Administration has barred Boeing from increasing production rates for the cash-cow jet '-- its most important product '-- until the regulator is convinced the planemaker has an adequate grasp over the quality of work in its factories.

Clark's exit is part of a broader shakeup announced by commercial chief Stan Deal in an internal memo Wednesday. Deal and Boeing Chief Executive Officer Dave Calhoun face pressure from regulators, lawmakers, airlines and investors to address a spate of high-profile manufacturing defects that have disrupted production since the Covid pandemic waned.

Investigators have said the panel on the Alaska Airlines plane should have been secured by four retaining bolts, but those critical parts were missing from the aircraft when it left Boeing's Renton factory.

Boeing's airplane division is working to ensure ''that every airplane we deliver meets or exceeds all quality and safety requirements,'' Deal said in the memo. ''Our customers demand, and deserve, nothing less.''

Lund, a long-time engineering and operations leader, had previously overseen production of all Boeing commercial aircraft. Mike Fleming succeeds her as senior vice president and general manager of airplane programs. He will work closely with Lund to implement quality initiatives and minimize work that has to be redone or performed out of sequence due to late-arriving parts.

Since the blowout, the planemaker and airframe supplier Spirit AeroSystems Holdings Inc. have increased quality checks on the 737, and sought to retool their collaboration to reduce errors.

More changes are in store as FAA readies initial recommendations from an audit of Boeing's practices that could come as soon as late this month. The agency is also near completion of a report on Boeing's safety culture that was launched early last year, an outgrowth of the two deadly crashes that led to a global grounding of the 737 Max in 2019.

The agency's findings are expected to inform recommendations for reforms by the company. The regulator also launched an investigation into Boeing after the Alaska accident, and has embedded more staff into Boeing's factories as part of an enhanced oversight push in the wake of the accident and a string of other quality lapses.

Calhoun is expected to meet with FAA officials in Washington next week, after agency Administrator Mike Whitaker toured Boeing facilities earlier in February.

Boeing closed 0.9% lower on Wednesday in New York. The shares have tumbled 23% this year, the worst performance among the 30-member Dow Jones Industrial Average.

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Thu, 22 Feb 2024 00:14

My front-row seat to a slow-moving catastrophe. By Kara Swisher , host of the podcasts 'On With Kara Swisher' and 'Pivot,' is an editor-at-large at New York Magazine. Kara Swisher in Bluemont, Virginia, July 1997. Photo: Lisa Dickey

Kara Swisher in Bluemont, Virginia, July 1997. Photo: Lisa Dickey

Kara Swisher in Bluemont, Virginia, July 1997. Photo: Lisa Dickey

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In the early 1990s, I was a reporter at the Washington Post. Having just turned 30, I was the ''young'' person in the newsroom, so when the digital-media start-ups appeared, I got what many reporters looked at as the short end of the beat. They had no interest in understanding the massive changes that were happening. As I learned more, it often fell to me to explain what this newfangled internet was as if I were trying to explain a tree to a child.

The Post did give me the space to report on a broad range of digital topics, largely because no one else would '-- including the many come-and-gone technologies, like CD-ROMs, that were heralded as ''multimedia killers'' but would soon be killed themselves.

During that period, I made one prediction that started coming true much more quickly than even I expected. This was about the end of old media, starting with the destruction of one of its most important economic pillars: the classified ads in newspapers.

In 1995, a quirky programmer in San Francisco named Craig Newmark started emailing friends a list of local events, job opportunities, and things for sale. The next year, he turned Craigslist into a web-based service and eventually started expanding it all over the country and the world.

Adapted from Burn Book, by Kara Swisher, which will be published by Simon & Schuster on February 27.

Buy the book It was clear this list was a giant killer, and I told everyone who would listen to me at the Post that we needed to put all the money, all the people, and all the incentives into digital. I insisted that the bosses had to make readers feel like digital was the most important thing. But the bosses never did because the business they knew was the physical paper. I relayed my worries about the turtle pace of digital change many times to the Washington Post Company's affable CEO, Don Graham, the son of legendary publisher and surprisingly entertaining badass Katharine Graham. Don Graham was inexplicably humble and even sheepish about his power. The very worst thing that Graham '-- always apologetic for having interrupted me, as I strafed big retail advertisers in my stories about the sector's decline locally '-- would say to me was ''Ouch.'' Then he would saunter away from my desk with a jaunty wave. And while Graham was interested when I talked about what Newmark was doing, he laughed when I told him that Craigslist would wipe out his classifieds business.

''You charge too much, the customer service sucks, it's static, and most of all, it doesn't work,'' I lectured him about this business, which was crucial to his bottom line. ''It will disappear as an analog product, since it is a perfect target for digital destruction. You're going to die by the cell and not even know it until it's over and you're dead on the ground.''

Don smiled at me with a kindness I certainly did not deserve at that moment. ''Ouch,'' he said.

The Post, of course, is now owned by a tech mogul, Jeff Bezos, and other Silicon Valley machers have taken over or invested heavily in legacy media, but they have not prevented its relentless decline, or the hemorrhaging of thousands of jobs from the industry in just the past few years, as the digital world has both sucked up and diminished print business models. Graham, who retired from the Post in 2015, did make a number of energetic digital efforts to keep up (and also was on the board of Facebook), most of which did not stanch the bleeding. Most other media executives seemed to have a genetic predisposition to oppose change and innovation and spent many years refusing to bend to the coming disaster to their bottom lines and their fleets of Town Cars (which would, of course, go last).

In their place came an army of fleece-clad adult toddlers, also mostly white men '-- some things are enduring '-- whose knowledge of media and history and, most important, what it took to keep a democracy humming was dangerously thin.

With Mark Cuban in 2001. Photo: Courtesy of Kara Swisher

Even if tech reporting in the early 1990s was a backwater to a backwater, filled with dull geeks and technical who-cares, I was all in on it because I thought the field was explosive and the possibilities infinite. But if I was really going to do this, I needed to move to California.

Only one person fully supported my move. Walt Mossberg was already the most famous of tech reporters for his popular Wall Street Journal column, ''Personal Technology,'' which debuted in 1991 and opened with the single greatest lede about tech: ''Personal computers are just too hard to use, and it isn't your fault.'' I had introduced myself to the goateed guru while writing a book about AOL, and he graciously agreed to an interview. Walt and I instantly became close, bound by professional kismet and a tech mind meld.

In 1997, The Wall Street Journal had no dedicated reporter covering the internet, so Walt called top Journal editor Paul Steiger and basically ordered him to hire me. Walt had that kind of pull, since his column raked in tens of millions of dollars in advertising annually at the time.

In my final days at the Post, I ran into Graham and he asked why I was leaving. I launched into an explanation about lower publishing plains, rising rivers of information, and the weakening of the relationship between readers and advertisers. As always, the perpetually smiling Graham chuckled gently as I went on and on like a jackass.

''The flood is coming,'' I warned him. ''So I'm seeking higher ground.''

''You better stay dry then,'' he joked. ''And it looks like I'm going to need a bigger boat.''

Noah's ark, I thought, which I mercifully kept to myself. At 34, I packed my car with all my belongings and headed across the country to a state I barely knew. Walt had just one more piece of advice for me before I left. ''Parachute in with your cleats on,'' he said. ''They'll never know what hit them. Be fair, but cover them hard since they're going to run the world.''

I quickly discovered the same lack of excitement over this new digital age at the Journal, where much of the New York staff didn't know what to make of me. ''I guess you'll be covering CB radio,'' one of the paper's hopelessly arrogant media reporters told me, a reference to the fad for citizens-band radio, which faded almost as soon as it appeared. Covering the old media giants was considered the hottest beat for up-and-comers. After all, these journalists got to cover corporate behemoths, like Time Warner, Cond(C) Nast, News Corp., and Disney, entities that controlled everything humanity saw and heard. It was no surprise that the media reporters acted like the grandees they covered, preening with the unmistakable air of those who are frequently wrong but never in doubt.

Meanwhile, I was left to cover companies like Yahoo, which had gone public in 1996 with a market cap of nearly $900 million. That number quickly doubled, making Yahoo one of the hot places to work in Silicon Valley. Unlike other hot start-ups such as browser pioneer Netscape, Yahoo was consumer focused with its jaunty lettering, irritating exclamation point, and air of youthful wackiness. It became the most important website that was a directory of other websites, all manually listed by a group of human web crawlers that I dubbed ''the internet bouncers.''

Even then, issues of moderation were problematic. As I wrote at the time, the only sites Yahoo did not add to its critical directory were those that promoted illegal activities such as bomb-making and child pornography. But Yahoo directed people to communities in its ''Society and Culture'' category that promoted the Ku Klux Klan and other hate groups. Head Yahoo bouncer Andy Gems insisted to me that he was not a ''censor.''

Sound familiar?

I interviewed Gems in a very dark room at Yahoo's campus in Sunnyvale, California, for one of my first articles at the Journal, headlined ''The Gatekeeper.'' Previously, Gems had worked at Borders Books & Music in downtown San Francisco. Accompanied by a pet tarantula that ate live crickets at his desk, Gems had one of the most powerful jobs on the internet, deciding with 60 other surfers what got accepted and what did not on the most important guides.

And Yahoo was '-- for one moment, at least '-- the gateway to the internet. It added all kinds of digital bells and whistles like email, personalization, commerce, and news alongside its flagship guide. The marketing of Yahoo was relentless. Originally, the brand was built around the founders and their leap from the computer lab to the stratosphere. In one cover story, they exuberantly exploded from a purple Yahoo Mini; on another, one rode a surfboard with a computer on his head.

Internet people loved to do things like this, since it gave them an ''I don't care for corporate formalities'' attitude, which appealed to the audience they were aiming at and also made for good copy. It was obviously silly. But who was I to argue? These new developments seemed to be working.

Few tech leaders had learned the most potent lesson of the sector yet: The young inevitably eat the old.

With Sergey Brin in 2003. Photo: Courtesy of Kara Swisher

Yahoo certainly found out and quickly. In 2000, Google struck a brief deal with Yahoo to power the search engine for the ascendant web portal, which did not then have algorithmic search capabilities. As part of the vendor arrangement, the Google logo, with its primary-color letters, was prominently featured on the much-visited Yahoo website. It was as if Coke let Pepsi put its name on cans. During an interview with Google co-founder Larry Page that year, I looked up at the charted growth for google.com plastered on the walls of the office, and it was immediately apparent that there was a fast-moving shift of Yahoo customers to Google. ''Do they know?'' I asked Page. ''I don't think so,'' he said, flashing the sly grin he sometimes let break through his typical poker face.

Google was becoming a Borg that would suck in all the world's information and then spit it out for profit. Eventually, resistance would be futile in all media. In late 2003, for example, Page was disappointed and confused that book publishers had not jumped on Google's proposal to help get their content digitized. I tried to explain why IP was so important to media companies and that you could not just take it without consequences. Once Google did this, no one else would be able to afford to digitize the material, so content-makers and their work would eventually be held hostage by the technology and access to it. Google would dominate all content without having generated anything but the delivery system.

This was Craigslist all over again, except so much bigger. And internet entrepreneurs like Page thought this was just great for humanity; the truth is it was good for them.

With Jerry Yang in Hong Kong in 2011. Photo: Courtesy of Kara Swisher

On January 11, 2000, The Wall Street Journal ran a story detailing how young upstart AOL had swallowed the august media behemoth Time Warner. The merger was a clusterfuck from the get-go, undone by AOL's inflated stock price and the bursting of the dot-com bubble. Many of those old-media types inside Time Warner were thrilled by the web's stumble, and too many yammered on about how people were going to lose their love of digital and return to the old, normal ways. But there was no normal anymore. Even in those anti-digital times, I went full Churchill and dubbed the crash ''the end of the beginning.''

Music and movies and books and all the rest would still be relentlessly digitized. And the mix of technology and media that would someday enable consumers to gather information anytime and anywhere was still inevitable, even if delayed by the incompetent leaders of Time Warner. Over? Not a chance, and that was right when I decided to jump into the entrepreneurial pool myself, hoping not to drown.

Every metamorphosis in my career started with some bellyaching, and I'd already been bellyaching a lot to Walt about working as a columnist (my column at the Journal was ironically called ''Boomtown''). I felt trapped in a prison of expectations from a medium I barely believed in. Writing weekly ruminations seemed quaint.

I continued to be testy at meetings in which well-meaning editors would discuss how to get ''young'' people to read the paper, even as the Journal continued to downplay digital and planned a Saturday print edition for 2005. I kept thinking if it were up to me, I'd dump the printing presses and go fully digital. But our audience skewed older and whiter and liked their broadsheet.

I realized that I was and would always be a great reporter and much less a good employee. So I called Walt and said we had to start something fresh and new. ''When do we break out?'' he asked. To say I love Walt for that '-- and so much else '-- does not begin to express what his enthusiasm meant to me. As we noodled, we realized our first and best move was to use Walt's considerable clout to push the business leaders of the Journal to let us launch our new venture as an internal skunkworks.

That term, popular in tech, refers to a tight group of innovators who steal away from a mother ship and create a smaller, faster-moving pirate ship. Our hope was to create a crack team of mouthy malcontents willing to innovate news delivery and host live events. We wanted to launch a digital-only publication with attitude and personality and without all the meddling from those who love to meddle in a news organization. We toured the Dow Jones empire and consulted the powers that be and then mostly sidelined them, except for the ad staff, which was eager to have a new product to sell. All we needed was a name. ''Just call it D,'' said TED-conference creator Richard Saul Wurman when Walt and I asked him for advice on a visit to his mansion in Newport, Rhode Island. ''It stands for whatever you want. Delightful. Demanding. Disruptive.'' We liked that last one a lot and went with D: All Things Digital, calling our conference the same. (The conference was renamed Code after we left the Journal.)

With Megan Smith and Rupert Murdoch at D: All Things Digital in 2008. Photo: Courtesy of Kara Swisher/Adam Tow

As we grew, new gatekeepers replaced the old, except they were a lot younger. I remember being at our annual All Things Digital conference in Rancho Palos Verdes, California in 2010 and wondering, as sweat poured down Mark Zuckerberg's pasty and rounded face, if he was going to keel over right there at my feet. ''He has panic attacks when he's doing public speaking,'' one Facebook executive had warned me years before. ''He could faint.'' I suspected that might have been a ploy to get us to be nicer to Zuckerberg. It didn't work. As Walt and I grilled the slight young man on the main stage, the rivulets of moisture began rolling down his ever-paler face.

Mark had always been a skittery type around me. In fact, ''I heard you think I'm an asshole'' was the first thing he ever said to me when I met him in 2006 in Palo Alto. I didn't think that, although I did eventually come to believe that he was one of the most carelessly dangerous men in the history of technology. Four years later, as Facebook boomed, Mark was clearly agitated about the upcoming release of The Social Network. The company had complained self-righteously and loudly to the Hollywood executives in charge about the portrayal of him, which of course brought even more attention to the film. I advised Zuckerberg to laugh it off and told him to go to the premiere and even hug actor Jesse Eisenberg, who was playing him. ''Control the narrative, Mark,'' I said. ''It's coming whether you like it or not. And who cares, because you'll be richer and more famous than any of them in the end.''

While he later did laugh it off, including appearing on Saturday Night Live with Eisenberg, Zuckerberg was not of that mind-set at the time of this conference. ''This is what people will think I'm like, because they believe what's on the screen,'' he said to me, furrowing his then-unwrinkled brow. Mark had just turned 26 and had almost no sense that life was long and that he should be preparing for what would become a marathon of scrutiny. He seemed very vulnerable to me, especially since he appeared less angry than perplexed as to why the world was being so unfair to him. After all, he had gifted us the invention of Facebook.

With Mark Zuckerberg at Facebook HQ in 2018. Photo: Courtesy of Kara Swisher

This early Zuckerberg had yet to become the muscled, MMA-fighting, patriotic-hydrofoiling, bison-killing, performative-tractor-riding, calf-feeding man that he would develop into over the next decade. He had also yet to become a symbol of the disinformation spread by social-media networks, as Facebook and Google replaced traditional media as the world's informational gatekeepers.

What kind of gatekeepers did these new masters become, now that it was their turn? In July 2021, Casey Newton of Platformer asked Zuckerberg about President Joe Biden's declaration '-- later softened '-- that misinformation about vaccines and COVID on Facebook was ''killing people.'' Zuckerberg's response was deeply revealing. ''When you think about the integrity of a system like this, it's a little bit like fighting crime in a city,'' he said. ''No one expects that you're ever going to fully solve crime in a city.''

The pertinent fact he left out is that when trouble happens, as it often does, citizens can fire a police chief and elect a different mayor. Zuckerberg had permanent job security as ruler-for-life of Facebook. Thanks to Facebook's intentional corporate structure, he controls the voting shares and the board and can never be expunged in any kind of democratic way for bad management. Mark Zuckerberg cannot be fired.

It's also worth noting that his ''fighting crime in a city'' analogy came only six months after a mob attacked the Capitol on January 6, 2021. Social media, particularly Facebook, played a role in the ability of then-President Donald Trump and his minions to amplify hate and lies and spin them into violence. While it's difficult to pinpoint how much culpability the tech companies have '-- and all of them have tried to thread the toxic needle here, rather than just reflect in horror about their roles '-- there's no question that tensions were heightened by sloppy management of these ubiquitous platforms.

That's because more and more people across the globe get their news and cues from social media. It has a scary ability to generate anxiety and rage, and it is addictive. Expert after expert I've talked to over the years has made the same point '-- in the new paradigm, engagement equals enragement. This is made worse by the people who run these companies, for whom anticipation of consequences is lacking and whose first instinct is to let it all through the gate, regardless of potential damage or danger. What's the opposite of the mommy state? Parent-free chaos.

As the pandemic broke wide, I moved back east to have all my three kids '-- and one to come in 2021 '-- in one place. It was a good thing, as I was definitely becoming less of a chronicler of the internet age and more of its cranky Cassandra. A socially distanced populace was accelerating already existing trends around communications, commerce, education, the workplace, and more.

The dire situation had been aggravated by federal elected officials who, a quarter-century into the internet age, had managed to pass exactly zero legislation focused solely on creating tech guardrails to protect anyone from its obvious dangers, relying instead on old laws that were inadequate to the task. Thus, democratic institutions that we hold dear crumbled in the face of what all this digital engagement had wrought: no comprehensive privacy protections, no updated antitrust laws, no algorithmic transparency requirement, no focus on addiction and the mental impact of digital media.

You'd never know it, though, from listening to thin-skinned techies, too many of whom have resisted any legitimate criticism while becoming weirdly media-obsessed. They can't stop talking about how much they think the press is irrelevant and have tried to do an end run around journalists once the tongue baths they regularly got were not so frequent.

With Elon Musk at Tesla HQ in 2018. Photo: Courtesy of Kara Swisher

Most techies now dabbling in the media are arrogant amateurs who think that because they excel in one area, they are masters of all domains. What they really are is incompetent at giving any insight or illumination beyond their own narrow self-interests while decidedly cheapening discourse. Elon Musk is the patron saint of this practice, holding forth on everything from COVID to what Russia is doing to a recent series of disturbing declarations about immigrants, which are beginning to eerily echo the rants made by his grandfather in South Africa. Even mulling the implications of the head size of newborns delivered via cesarean has not escaped his twitchy fingers. Having had one of those for my eldest and pretty sure it had no impact on any of my four kids' intelligence, my advice to Elon and his nearly all-male cronies: Take a seat, boys.

Unfortunately, rather than ceasing, they are now poised to take it all with an assist from the newest game in tech: artificial general intelligence, or AGI. In the short term, it's already clear it could be devastating for media companies '-- Google will not just be providing algorithmic search results; it and others like OpenAI have been using the new tools to scrape content largely made by others and reformulate it for the masses. That's a simple way to describe it, but what could happen is what happened before: a complete hijacking of the content universe. What do you need New York Magazine for if they can swallow it, digest it, and regurgitate it back up in ways both anodyne and dangerous like the careless Information Age turkey vultures they have always been?

But it's not just that they're vultures, is it? We in the media '-- at least anyone paying any attention at all '-- know that by now. Which gives us all the responsibility to not let it happen again. You can use whatever metaphor you like, but the media has folded again and again to the memelords of tech in the hopes that they do not want what they clearly want, which is domain over all they survey. It was right there as bright as day in Google's original mission statement: ''to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful.''

But whose information? And useful to whom? And who gave them permission to do so in the first place? To me, even when I read that for the first time, my brain flashed to the classic Twilight Zone episode ''To Serve Man,'' in which aliens come to Earth promising to advance society with new technology, which they do. Too late, the humans realize the aliens plan to make a meal of them: To Serve Man is also the name of a cookbook. Far too much of our world has already been fried and boiled and steamed and fricasseed. And while it's easy to say you should stop being prey, maybe we should stop thinking tech's march is inevitable.

I'm not na¯ve: From a technology point of view, it kind of is. That said, it's not as if the media does not have talents, including creativity, drive, and, yes, innovation. Over the past few years, many have created exciting new models for journalism that point to fresh ways to create content. Not all of it works, and most are still small, but it remains encouraging. The point is that tech and its leaders are simply not able to tell stories that are both accurate and compelling as well as those who make their living working in media.

Just watching this year's Grammys was revelatory. Could tech have constructed Taylor Swift '-- don't answer that if you are a right-wing conspiracy theorist '-- or been as preternaturally amazing as Tracy Chapman's performance of ''Fast Car'' with Luke Combs or conceived of a song as elegantly perfect as Joni Mitchell's ''Both Sides Now''? Not too long ago, it was thought that tech would kill the music industry. It is obviously still thriving with an assist from its alleged murderer.

Let's not just rely on the power of human creativity. There are legal and other tools available. After having gotten played in the last go-round, media giants like the New York Times are fighting back, using existing copyright laws to sue and perhaps get much better terms in deals from the tech giants for the valuable intellectual property they create. Using both the carrot and the stick approach seems right, rather than yet again knuckling under to tech's inevitability and power.

But let's not be stupid '-- the tech companies are powerful in ways that are mind-blowing. Besides having the largest market caps in history and being helmed by the wealthiest people who have ever existed, these companies continue to grow unchecked by any regulations with any teeth. Consider that the revenue at the Times, widely considered to be the gold standard in making the digital transition and transformation, was $2.4 billion in 2023, while Facebook clocked in at $135 billion. Oh. Yes. That.

There are better paths for all of us, for the health of our democracy and to restore our sense of truth and social cohesion, than allowing the angriest and loudest and most nonsensical voices on social media (and I am not just talking about Musk, but him, yes, perhaps most of all right now). Which is why we need to continue to press our elected leaders for guardrails for tech to limit its unaccountable power and put in place reasonable protections around a range of inventions that have the potential to cause more harm.

My digital journey in media has been a long one, and perhaps it's okay that we had to be destroyed '-- or nearly so '-- to become something else. What I am certain of is we don't have to be yet another meal for big tech to Google, oops, gobble up.

They think they can eat media? My reply? Bite me.

Adapted from Burn Book, by Kara Swisher, which will be published by Simon & Schuster on February 27.

Thank you for subscribing and supporting our journalism . If you prefer to read in print, you can also find this article in the February 12, 2024, issue of New York Magazine.

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Over Three Decades, Tech Obliterated Media

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 21:44

By Martin Plaut

Media reports'On Saturday, 30 December, Eritreans from different factions of the diaspora fought each other on the streets of London. The police intervened to halt the disturbances, and were attacked protesters, eight of whom were arrested, after four police officers were injured.'

That is a summary of the news as distributed by the police and reproduced by the newspapers that covered the events. This was the BBC report.

''There were clashes in Camberwell after a protest related to 'tensions in the Eritrean community', the force added. Footage of the incident seemed to show people wielding sticks clashing with officers, bringing traffic to a halt. About 50 people gathered outside a private venue before violence broke out, police said. A heavy police presence was still in place at the scene, near The Lighthouse Theatre, on Saturday evening.''

An Eritrean perspectiveThe view from the Eritrean opposition led by Brigade N'Hamedu was very different.

The Brigade is determined to end the dictatorship of President Isaias Afwerki. To this end they are attempting to halt his extraction of funds and political support from Eritreans living abroad.

How the Eritrean authorities force the diaspora to fund its repression and military operations has been extensively document.

An official report for the Norwegian Government referring to this as ''Transnational Repression.''

The Norwegian report explained how this works:

Acts covered by the concept of transnational repression can be grouped into the following main categories:1) Violence and other attacks against the physical safety of persons2) Threats3) Harassment and discrediting4) Infiltration5) Restriction or conditional consular services6) Monitoring7) Weakening and abuse of international frameworksTransnational oppression can thus be expressed in many different ways and in different arenas of society. A wide range of different acts and means are used, and these can be subject to a number of different criminal offences.

Yet this repression by the Eritrean government continues to take place across Europe and the United States, including in Britain.

Saturday's clashesIt was to head off yet another event organised through the Eritrean embassy and Eritrea's only legal party '' the PFDJ '' that the Brigade mobilised its supporters. They had heard rumours that an event was being organised in London.

''It was an event to support the dictatorship, and it had to be stopped,'' said Solomon Mesele, who speaks for the Brigade.

Pro-government supporters organised seven busloads of Eritreans, who converged on the Eritrean embassy in Islington. From there they would travel to the event. But '' unknown to the organisers '' they were being trailed by members of the Brigade.

At around 1.00 pm on Saturday both sides arrived at the venue: the Lighthouse in Camberwell. ''When we got there, we marched to the Lighthouse, on the left and right of the road,'' says Solomon.

The 263 members of the Brigade had come from across Britain, carrying banners and posters.

''We did not want to fight with the police, but we wanted the event to be halted.''

Solomon said that the Brigade had attempted to call on the Council to have the event called off, but since they had not known where it was being held, this had been difficult.

Preparing for warInside the hall Solomon says speeches were made by the organisers calling on the Eritrean community to get ready for another war with Ethiopia '' something that has been in the air since Ethiopia's Prime Minister Abiy called for access to the sea, by force if necessary.

This would inevitably result in taking an Eritrean port.

The Eritrean diaspora was told to get ready to raise funds for another conflict and to give the Eritrean government their support.

The Brigade managed to get inside the hall, says Solomon, and disrupted the proceedings. Government flags and insignia were thrown onto the floor. In the ensuing melee two protesters '' a man and a woman '' were injured.

Police interveneThe police intervened as they were leaving the hall. The Brigade were told to lay down their banners and sticks. Solomon says they were promised by a senior police officer that the event would be ended, and so they complied.

The police collected the sticks, says Solomon, but then refused to halt the proceedings. It was then that clashes erupted between the police and the Brigade, who felt they had been given false information. Some of the protesters were tasered and tear gas was used.

A passer-by, who witnessed the events, said ''It looked like a brutal and over-policed response.''

Police threaten Brigade membersFinally, the police ordered that the area be cleared and at around 7.00 pm the Brigade withdrew from the area.

''The police behaved in a completely unacceptable manner,'' says Solomon. ''We are disappointed that the Council and the government allow the regime to collect funds to continue their repression inside Eritrea and their wars in the region.''

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 21:16

Congressman Pat Ryan Continues Push for Action on Migrant Crisis, Introduces the ''Courage to Serve Act'' with West Point Classmate Congressman John James

Bipartisan legislation provides expedited path to citizenship for migrants who pass security check and serve in military

Ryan, a co-sponsor of the bipartisan DIGNITY Act and member of the Border Security Task Force has prioritized practical and actionable steps to address the border crisis

WASHINGTON, DC '' Today, Congressman Pat Ryan, alongside his West Point classmate Congressman John James (R-MI), introduced the bipartisan ''Courage to Serve Act.'' The bill creates a pilot program that would provide an expedited path to citizenship for qualified and vetted migrants who serve in the military. The legislation addresses two challenges facing the United States: an influx of migrants looking to work, build a better life for their families, and contribute to our country, as well as a recruitment crisis within the ranks of our Armed Forces.

''I know it firsthand '' there's no higher honor than serving your country in uniform. If folks have the courage to raise their right hand, swear an oath to protect and defend this nation, and put their lives on the line, then they sure as hell deserve the opportunity to become an American citizen,'' said Congressman Pat Ryan. ''Earlier this week, partisan posturing got in the way of passing significant immigration reform. But I'm not giving up the fight. I'll keep pushing everyday for concrete, practical and actionable measures to secure our border, address critical military recruiting shortfalls, and help immigrants already in this country build a better life for their families.

''Over the past few years, we've witnessed serious threats to national security due to recruiting challenges in the military. In fact, in 2022, the Army missed its recruiting goal by 25%. To combat this concerning trend, and give heroic and America-loving immigrants a chance to gain citizenship, I am proud to sponsor the Courage to Serve Act,'' said Congressman John James. ''Immigration is both an economic and moral imperative, and giving specific America-loving immigrants who want to serve the country the chance to become citizens is a no-brainer. Some of the heroes Pat and I served with in Iraq were immigrants, and I can't think of a more deserving person to become an American citizen than immigrants who are willing to serve in our military.''

The ''Courage to Serve Act'' creates a pilot program that would allow a qualified and vetted set of migrants to receive an expedited path to citizenship in exchange for military service, provided they:

Successfully complete multiple background checks conducted by both USCIS and FBI. Are admissible to the United States, and; Otherwise eligible for enlistment in the Armed Forces. In turn, this legislation offers expedited processing and application assistance to immigrants, offering a unique solution to two challenges facing the United States: an influx of migrants looking to work, build a better life for their families, and contribute to our country, as well as a recruitment crisis within the ranks of our Armed Forces. Last year alone, the expected recruiting personnel shortfall was 10,000 in the Army, 10,000 in the Air Force, and 6,000 in the Navy. Overall, the DoD acting Undersecretary of Personnel and Readiness said that during fiscal year 2023, the military services collectively missed recruiting goals by roughly 41,000 recruits , leaving critical positions unfilled, putting our nation's national security at greater risk.

Congressman Ryan has made repeated calls for comprehensive immigration reform, as well as pushed aggressively for increased border security funding. Only weeks ago, Congressman Ryan signed on to a letter to Speaker Johnson urging him to work in good faith across party lines to pass bipartisan border security and immigration reform. Congressman Ryan is a cosponsor of the bipartisan Dignity Act (H.R.3599) that strengthens border security, invests in border infrastructure, grants legal status to undocumented immigrants already living in the United States with the possibility of earning citizenship, establishes new pathways for asylum seekers, and creates new legal pathways for economic migrants and unaccompanied minors. Far-right House leadership has blocked a vote on the bipartisan Dignity Act since it was introduced in May 2023.

Congressman Ryan pushed for House leadership to vote on and pass President Biden's $13.6 billion border supplemental that would hire 1,300 new border patrol agents, 1,000 law enforcement personnel, 1,600 asylum officers and 375 immigration judge teams. Republicans continue to block this funding from coming to a vote in the months since its proposal.

While House Republicans have blocked votes on full border security funding and comprehensive immigration reform, Congressman Ryan has built a record of calling for and working towards solutions, including calling for streamlining the process of granting asylees work authorization and calling extensively for and helping secure Temporary Protected Status for Venezuelans, the largest population of migrants coming to New York City, so they could immediately gain work authorization. Ryan cosponsors legislation to improve U.S. Customs and Border patrol hiring and employee retention.

Congressman Ryan has also fought for increased measures to combat the flow of illicit fentanyl into the United States across the southern border, including making repeated calls for increased funding and cosponsoring the END FENTANYL Act to improve Customs and Border Protection's ability to crackdown on illicit fentanyl trafficking.

When governors from southern border states began transporting migrants to New York State in the summer of 2023, overwhelming the state's available resources, Congressman Ryan immediately led a bipartisan letter with Congressman Mike Lawler calling for President Biden to approve New York's request for a major disaster declaration to usher in additional federal resources.

###

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 21:08

I-Team: How much Mass. is spending on migrant crisis

I-Team: How much Mass. is spending on migrant crisis 03:00 BOSTON - Massachusetts has not been shy about how much money the shelter and migrant crisis is costing taxpayers. The I-Team looked into where some of the money is being spent, obtaining vendor contracts for services and hotels, including a no-bid contract for $10 million for a company providing meals.

WBZ first reported finding dozens of migrant families sleeping at Logan Airport , and the state is housing hundreds of others in overflow shelters like the one at Melnea Cass Recreation Complex.

Housing in hotels and motelsBut these locations do not include the thousands of homeless and migrants living in hotels and motels. So just how much money is the state paying for lodging?

Records obtained by the I-Team show the state has 17 contracts for housing totaling more than $116 million. Those contracts are only for fiscal year 2024 and end in June.

Senator Peter Durant (R- Worcester) says, "this is something that we have been asking the administration for information on, for the better part of a year and have been stonewalled on the information. So I think for you to get it, I think it's really important."

Melnea A. Cass Recreational Complex CBS Boston In some cases, the hotels are collecting money from the state for three meals a day, $16 for breakfast, $17 for lunch and $31 for dinner. That means $64 dollars a day per person.

Right to Shelter lawThe state's Right to Shelter law requires it to provide families with refrigeration and basic cooking facilities. But some of the accommodations do not have those appliances leaving the state to contract out for food and delivery.

Spinelli Ravioli Manufacturing Company in East Boston, a full-service drop-off catering company with 30 years' experience in the industry was awarded a $10 million-dollar six-month no-bid contract to provide and deliver meals.

Spinelli's tells the I-Team, "As an approved state vendor, Spinelli's was contacted at the onset of the crisis. We are not the exclusive meal vendor and do not have a guaranteed contract, or financial agreement, beyond this initial emergency period. We are currently in the bid process for an enduring contract and are looking forward to continue to aid the State and the Executive Office of Housing and Livable Communities to reach their goals."

No-bid contractThe state's Executive Office of Housing and Livable Communities says the no-bid contract is justified because of the unprecedented increased demand and the requirement that families be provided with three meals a day or sufficient food access. Spinelli's contract runs through the end of March.

Senator Durant says these contracts are just the tip of the iceberg on the overall cost of the crisis. "The MassHealth cost and the educational cost," Durant said. "That's the concern is the money has to come from somewhere and so there's only really two options. You either raise taxes or you cut services. So, this all of this kind of flows downhill right straight to the taxpayers."

In January, Gov. Maura Healey proposed an $873 million supplemental budget that would help pay for the current shelter shortfall. The rest of the money would be used for the projected cost of emergency assistance in 2025.

More from CBS News

In: I-Team Cheryl Fiandaca Cheryl Fiandaca is the chief investigative reporter for the I-Team at WBZ-TV.

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 20:26

An NHS trust has said that breast milk produced by trans women who were assigned male at birth is as good for babies as that produced by a mother who has given birth.

In a letter to campaigners, the University of Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust (USHT), said that the milk produced by trans women after taking a combination of drugs is ''comparable to that produced following the birth of a baby''.

The hospital trust, which runs Royal Sussex County Hospital, Worthing Hospital and Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital among others, was also the first in Britain to use the term ''chestfeeding'' in place of breastfeeding because it is considered by some to be more inclusive.

The trust created what it called Britain's ''first clinical and language guidelines supporting trans and non-binary birthing people'' in 2021.

Within its guidance were assertions about the ability of trans women to produce milk for a baby.

Drug to develop milk-producing glandsThese were the subject of a complaint last year by the Children of Transitioners. The organisation was founded by a woman whose father transitioned, in an effort to provide advice for children in a similar situation.

In an August 2023 response, the hospital defended its claims, referring to five scientific papers dating back to 1977 and pointing to World Health Organisation (WHO) guidance and ''overwhelming evidence'' that ''human milk'' is better for a baby than formula milk.

It also references a 2022 study that found ''milk testosterone concentrations'' were under 1 per cent with ''no observable side effects'' in the babies. The study lasted for five months and no long-term data was obtained.

For a person born male to breastfeed, they must develop milk-producing glands by taking the hormone progestin.

A drug is required to lactate, such as domperidone, which is often prescribed to women struggling to breastfeed, and helps to stimulate the production of prolactin '' a separate hormone that tells the body to produce milk.

Domperidone, also known by the brand name Motilum, was not intended for this, but is prescribed off-label by doctors, despite the manufacturer, Janssen, itself recommending against it because of possible side effects to a baby's heart.

The patient leaflet for Motilium says: ''Small amounts have been detected in breastmilk. Motilium may cause unwanted side effects affecting the heart in a breastfed baby. [It] should be used during breastfeeding only if your physician considers this clearly necessary.''

USHT believes the practice is safe, adding that hospital staff ''advise any parent who is taking medication (for whatever reason) to seek advice on the possibility of that medication being transferred to the baby through breastfeeding and also the health implications for the baby''.

Trust 'unbalanced and naive'Lottie Moore, of the Policy Exchange, which uncovered the letter, said the trust ''is unbalanced and na¯ve in its assertion that the secretions produced by a male on hormones can nourish an infant in the way a mother's breast milk can''.

USHT has removed the webpage where the guidance was published, but now links to an external website, La Leche League, which states it ''supports everyone who wants to breastfeed or chestfeed in reaching their goals''.

Maya Forstater, the director of campaign group Sex Matters, said: ''For a chief executive and medical director of an NHS trust to prioritise trans identities over what is best for mothers and their babies is deeply disturbing.''

Milli Hill, a campaigner for women's rights in childbirth, said: ''Male people, however they identify or describe themselves, cannot breastfeed.''

University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust said: ''We stand by the facts of the letter and the cited evidence supporting them.''

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 18:18

Michelle Obama is the most likely candidate to replace Joe Biden as the 2024 Democratic presidential nominee should the incumbent step down before the election according to a leading bookmaker, despite the former first lady not having launched a White House bid.

Betting company Betfair is currently offering odds of 4/9, or 69 percent, on Biden being the Democratic nominee in November. The 81-year-old president has already won Democratic primaries in New Hampshire, South Carolina and Nevada and is only being challenged by fringe figures from within his own party.

However, concerns about Biden's health, strengthened by a series of recent gaffs, have triggered speculation over whether he could end up stepping down from the contest, and if so, who would be the favorites to replace him.

Betfair has Obama as the second most favored 2024 Democratic presidential nominee with odds of 8/1, or 11 percent, making her the highest performing alternative to Biden. She is followed by California Governor Gavin Newsom on 12/1 (7.7 percent), Vice-President Kamala Harris with 15/1 (6.3 percent), Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer on 74/1 (1.3 percent), Senator Elizabeth Warren on 79/1 (1.3 percent) and Hillary Clinton with 94/1 (1.1 percent).

Former US first lady Michelle Obama is seen at the opening night ceremony of the 2023 U.S. Open tennis tournament in New York City on August 28, 2023. Obama is second favorite to be the... Former US first lady Michelle Obama is seen at the opening night ceremony of the 2023 U.S. Open tennis tournament in New York City on August 28, 2023. Obama is second favorite to be the 2024 Democratic presidential nominee, despite having given no indication she plans to run. COREY SIPKIN/AFP/GETTYSpeaking to Newsweek Betfair spokesperson Sam Rosbottom acknowledged concern about Biden's mental aptitude was leading some punters to put their money on other potential candidates.

He said: "Four years ago at the start of the primary season, Joe Biden wasn't even the favorite for the Democratic nomination, let alone the presidency.

"This time around, things look a lot clearer for the incumbent and he is as short as 4/9 to be the nominee. However, there have been a number of reports and political analysts questioning the competency of the president when it comes to running for another four years, and punters have been backing a number of potential candidates should he step down from running.

"One of the biggest movers in that market has been Michelle Obama, who is now second favorite at 8/1 having started 2024 at 22/1. Gavin Newsom was as short as 5/1 in the race to be on the presidential ballot at one point, but his odds have now drifted to 12/1."

Newsweek has reached out to the office of Barack and Michelle Obama and a spokesperson for Michelle Obama for comment by email. A representative of Joe Biden's re-election campaign has also been contacted by email.

The Betfair odds, listing Obama as the second most likely Democratic presidential nominee after Biden, were echoed by a number of other bookmakers.

According to the Odds Checker website Paddy Power is offering odds of 1/3 on Biden being the Democratic candidate in November, followed by Michelle Obama on 13/2 and Newsom on 9/1. Similarly William Hill has odds of 2/5 on Biden being the candidate in November, then Obama on 4/1 and Newsom on 7/1. The odds offered by BetVictor are 4/11 for Biden, 4/1 on Obama and 8/1 for Newsom.

Obama has not given any indication she plans to announce a bid for the Democratic presidential nomination this year, with political consultant David Axelrod telling CNN: "I have as much chance of dancing in the Bolshoi Ballet next year."

In January, during an appearance on Jay Shetty's On Purpose podcast, Obama admitted she is "terrified about what could possibly happen" at the next election.

Earlier this month Special Counsel Robert Hur described Biden as an "elderly man with a poor memory" in his report into accusations the Democrat had mishandled classified documents after leaving the White House as vice-president. Biden strongly rejected this characterization telling a press conference "my memory's fine."

Uncommon KnowledgeNewsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.

Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 18:05

A world where children and youth of all sexual orientations and gender identities live authentic lives.

To foster Awareness, Respect and Capacity through SOGI-inclusive K-12 education.

Accessible: We are approachable and responsive, making ourselves and our resources available with as few barriers as possible. We are open to dialogue and seek to understand multiple perspectives.

Adaptable: We respond thoughtfully to changing circumstances or needs and remain curious and creative in finding solutions to support educators. We approach change with a positive mindset and openness to new ideas.

Collaboration: We believe bringing diverse perspectives together expands capacity and fosters a sense of community, and ultimately leads to better outcomes. Simply put, it's more equitable when we work together.

Empathy: We value empathy in all our interactions; listening with compassion and open minds to be inclusive of all perspectives in seeking authenticity, respect and well-being for all.

Integrity: We are guided by acting honestly, transparently and professionally to be trustworthy and accountable to our stakeholders, our partners, and to each other. Credibility and reputation are earned; acting with integrity achieves this.

Canada is a leader in reducing 2SLGBTQ+ discrimination.

Seventy-three countries still consider same-sex relationships illegal. In seven of these countries, same-sex acts are punishable by death. In almost all countries, transphobic laws limit the freedom to act in ways that do not conform to the roles and expectations that are culturally determined by a person's sex at birth.

The health, freedom and safety of students are at risk.

About 40% of youth experiencing homelessness identify as 2SLGBTQ+.

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth are five times more likely to consider suicide, and seven times more likely to attempt suicide than their peers.

The rate of discrimination experienced among students who identify as 2SLGBTQ+ is three times higher than heterosexual youth.

64% percent of recent BEd grads say they were not prepared for SOGI-inclusive education.

Homophobia and transphobia affect all students whether they identify as 2SLGBTQ+ or not.

Change is needed now as much as ever.

For students, the newly emerging anti-2SLGBTQ+ sentiment that they see in social media and North American politics only emphasizes some of their struggles to come to terms with their own sexual orientation and gender identity.

School might be the only place a student feels safe to be their authentic self. For youth who don't experience a sense of belonging at home, a teacher could be the one supportive adult that helps them feel valued. When a student feels connected to their school, they have a higher chance of graduating, are less likely to experience substance abuse and experience better mental health into young adulthood. ARC Foundation is committed to a long-lasting and far-reaching approach to changing the experience of youth one school at a time.

There is so much great work already being done. However, many experts are working in isolation and institutional silos, grossly limiting the potential impact we could have on students' lives. At ARC Foundation, we create and co-fund breakthrough collaboration models for bringing everyone together for accelerated and sustainable change.

Why collaboration?To create a common language for unprecedented conversations

To combine expertise for greater impact and innovation

To give leaders a collective voice and larger audience

To create a movement for change in which newcomers feel welcome

Because we are stronger together

Reg Krake, Executive Director (He/il)Reg is an executive leader with over 20 years' experience in the for-profit and non-profit sectors and as an educator with several years of teaching experience. He has held senior leadership roles with the Vancouver Airport Authority, Tourism British Columbia (Destination BC) and Intrawest. In his early career, he worked as a French Immersion teacher with the Vancouver School Board. He is a focused, team-oriented and results driven leader that brings an unwavering passion for, and commitment to, education and inclusivity.

Kimberley hollett, director, finance and administration (she/her)Kimberley is a team-oriented leader: she is driven by continuous learning and thrives when working with others to achieve a common goal. She is passionate about helping people, making genuine connections, and hearing new perspectives. Kimberley has many years of experience working in diverse industries, as a trusted advisor and problem solver. In her role at ARC Foundation, she is responsible for developing and managing the finance, operations, and human resource strategies.

heather vause, Director, community engagement (she/her)Heather is a strategic leader with multifaceted community engagement experience, who joined ARC Foundation in 2019. She is a passionate collaborator, innovator, and relationship builder. Heather is a community champion with a strong interest in creating systemic change to support students of all sexual orientations and gender identities. In her role of Director, Community Engagement, Heather leads the SOGI 1 2 3 strategy and operations, including community partnerships and communications functions, nationally for ARC Foundation.

Abigail Shakespeare, Director, development (she/her)Abigail is a passionate, values driven community connector who leads with authenticity, curiosity, collaboration, and the desire to positively affect the people and world around her. With experience in both the for-profit and charitable sector, she has always championed the advancement of marginalized voices and experiences throughout her career. In her role as Director, Development, Abigail is excited to build a culture of philanthropy, and lead ARC's strategic fundraising initiatives by connecting with individuals, foundations, government, and corporate organizations who are passionate about bettering the lives of 2SLGBTQ+ youth through their philanthropic endeavours.

Scout, Director, National Programs (they/them)Scout is an education and youth engagement specialist with over a decade of progressive leadership experience in the non-profit sector. They support SOGI-inclusive education through collaboration and empathy and they have a deep commitment to creating inclusive spaces for all. They have worked with education leaders across Canada to share, workshop, and refine best practices in supporting 2SLGBTQ+ students, staff and, families. Scout is responsible for leading SOGI 1 2 3 programs nationally for ARC Foundation.

Dutch, SOGI 1 2 3 Lead - Indigenous Initiatives (They/THem)Dutch is a leader in the business and non-profit sectors with a focus on supporting children and youth. As a M(C)tis person, they are committed to decolonization, and ensuring hope, belonging, meaning and purpose is attained by all children and youth. They are passionate about using their workshop facilitation and research experience to create systems change. Dutch is responsible for leading Indigenous initiatives for SOGI 1 2 3.

zakary, SOGI 1 2 3 Lead - BRITISH COLUMBIA (HE/HIM/THEY/THEM)Zakary is an active collaborator who has experience supporting educational leadership within diverse capacities across Turtle Island. Their background is in anthropology, education, and environmental sustainability. Zak's journey as a Two-Spirit/Indigiqueer educator and on-going commitment to advancing reconciliation are examples of the passion they carry for decolonization, social justice and community-based reciprocity. Zakary is responsible for leading SOGI 1 2 3 in British Columbia.

Amanda, SOGI 1 2 3 Lead - Saskatchewan (she/her)Amanda is an experienced leader, educator, and facilitator who is passionate about building sustainable, inclusive, and just communities. Her passion for social change and skillset within 2SLGBTQ+ education and policy work contribute to her approach to systems change. Amanda is responsible for leading SOGI 1 2 3 in Saskatchewan.

Avery, SOGI 1 2 3 Lead '' Alberta (she/her)Avery is a thoughtful facilitator who is invested in creating a world in which all 2SLGBTQ+ people can access healing, self-discovery, and liberation. Her background in design and procedural writing has honed her ability to create and share resources that are approachable, impactful, and resonant for those who need them most. Avery is responsible for leading SOGI 1 2 3 in Alberta.

Emily, fundraising & communications specialist (she/her)Emily is a communications specialist with a strong interest in creating equitable learning environments for all students. With a background in non-profit administration and sociology, she is passionate about supporting institutional social change for a more equitable world. She values creativity, curiosity, and life-long learning, which are reflected in all facets of her work. Emily is responsible for developing ARC Foundation's fundraising and communications initiatives.

Christina, Administrative Coordinator (she/her)Christina is an administrative coordinator with a passion for social justice and advocacy. With a background in academic administration with diverse school populations, Christina prioritizes fostering an environment of acceptance and inclusivity for all people of all identities. Christina is responsible for providing administrative and logistical support to ARC Foundation staff.

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 17:00

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

American television executive

Joel Cheatwood is an American television executive.

Cheatwood served as news director at WSVN in Miami (the flagship station of Sunbeam Television) starting in 1989, soon after it had switched to Fox. Prior to starting at WSVN, Cheatwood served as assistant news director at WEWS-TV in Cleveland.[1] At WSVN, Cheatwood was often criticized for an emphasis on sensationalistic reporting, but his 7 News format revived a station that had low ratings while it was an NBC affiliate and had a strong influence on what Fox stations' newscasts would eventually look like.

In 1993, Sunbeam Television bought WHDH-TV in Boston. Cheatwood relaunched the station with a considerably watered-down version of the WSVN's 7 News format, which led to a ratings boost, especially after the longtime CBS affiliate switched to NBC in 1995. WHDH-TV, which later became an independent station in 2017, soon rose to second place in the Boston ratings, and for the last decade has regularly traded first place with long-dominant WCVB-TV.

In 1997, Cheatwood moved to WMAQ-TV in Chicago, an NBC O&O, as vice president of news and promotion. Cheatwood was criticized for bringing Jerry Springer on as a commentator. The station's longtime anchor team, Carol Marin and Ron Magers, resigned in protest.[2] Springer only made two commentaries before being let go, and station management later admitted that his hiring was a mistake. Cheatwood took the fall for the management's decision and was later moved to serve as a consultant for NBC.

In 1998, Cheatwood left NBC and became station manager for KYW-TV, the CBS owned-and-operated station in Philadelphia.[3] Two years later, he became the news director for WCBS-TV in New York City. Also, Cheatwood doubled as executive vice president of news for all of CBS's O&Os. In August, he rebranded the station as the CBS 2 Information Network, using "content partners" such as U.S. News & World Report and VH1. He also moved most of the station's newscasts to the CBS Sports studio and renamed the 11pm newscast Nightcast, giving it its own graphics and music.

During his tenure at WCBS-TV, Cheatwood was known for running the stations operations throughout the September 11, 2001 crisis, providing a sizable portion of footage that otherwise would have been unavailable. In February 2002 he opened a full-time news bureau in Jerusalem, Israel, hiring former CBS Radio reporter Kimberly Dozier as correspondent.[4]

After finishing his contract with CBS, Cheatwood was hired as executive director of program development at CNN. At CNN Headline News, he worked on shows for Glenn Beck and Nancy Grace.[2]

In April 2007, Cheatwood joined the Fox News Channel as Vice President of Development to focus on shows for Fox News Channel and the soon-to-be launched Fox Business Channel.[2][5]

On April 6, 2011, Fox News's and Glenn Beck's syndicator, Mercury Radio Arts, announced that Joel Cheatwood would be leaving Fox News and would become an Executive Vice President for Mercury Radio Arts to work as the liaison between Beck and Fox News. He officially joined MRA on April 24, 2011.[6][7]

On March 2, 2015, Cheatwood officially parted ways with TheBlaze.

References [ edit ] ^ Sonsky, Steve (January 5, 1988). "WSVN names news director". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 7C. Archived from the original on February 17, 2022 . Retrieved April 3, 2021 '' via Newspapers.com. ^ a b c Rosenthal, Phil (April 7, 2007). "The Times they are a-changin'?". Chicago Tribune. ^ Littleton, Cynthia (September 4, 1998). "Cheatwood to CBS O&O". Variety . Retrieved November 15, 2021 . ^ Ch. 2 adds Israel beat Foreign bureau a first, Richard Huff, NY Daily News, January 29, 2002 ^ "CNN's Cheatwood Heads to FNC". Broadcasting & Cable. April 6, 2007. ^ Glenn Beck Pulling Show Off Fox News, Jay Yarow, Business Insider, April 6, 2011 ^ Glenn Beck to leave Fox News program, Paul Farhi, The Washington Post, 6 April 2011 External links [ edit ] Joel Cheatwood collected coverage at the Los Angeles TimesJoel Cheatwood collected coverage at The New York ObserverJoel Cheatwood collected coverage at the NY Daily NewsJoel Cheatwood at IMDb

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Wed, 21 Feb 2024 14:19

DR. PHIL MCGRAW TO LAUNCH CABLE TV NETWORK,MERIT STREET MEDIA 'Dr. Phil McGraw, acclaimed host, and the 26-year trusted voice in America, unveils MERIT STREET MEDIA', a new network of essential news and entertainment delivering common sense television you can use. Programming, to be announced, will include Dr. Phil and a diverse and respected group of household names.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 22:20

18 February, 2024 Ukrainian enterprise for the production of Shrike drones for the Defense Forces. February, 2024. Ukraine. Photo credits: Josep Borrell.

The UK is working with partner nations to provide Ukraine with thousands of new AI-enabled drones.

Bloomberg reported on this.

Western military planners developing the technology believe it could allow Ukraine to overwhelm certain Russian positions with unmanned vehicles.

According to them, the drones could be transferred to Ukraine within months, they said, while warning the timeline could slip.

Ukrainian Shoolika mk6 drone by SkyLab UA. 2023, Ukraine. Photo from the company's page.Although such drones will not replace the need for artillery shells, they can help mitigate the shortage and increase the dynamics of the battlefield.

Admiral Rob Bauer, chairman of NATO's military committee, told Bloomberg that Ukraine's use of drones ''in combination with artificial intelligence'' could be ''more successful than Russian artillery fire.''

''Nations are looking at swarming, nations are looking at AI to improve relatively simple drones and relatively simple cameras or video systems to become much more connected to software,'' Bauer said, adding that there is a ''never-ending race'' with Russia to develop advanced technology.

Militarnyi previously reported that NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg stated that Western allies plan to supply Ukraine with one million drones by 2024.

Russian invader with remains of Darts drone, February 2024.Most likely, this referred to the Coalition of Drones initiated by Latvia, the launch of which was reported by Militarnyi on January 18.

The UK, Sweden, and the Netherlands have already joined the Drone Coalition. The purpose of this association is to provide the Armed Forces of Ukraine with a large number of drones for various purposes.

Militarnyi previously reported that Latvia and the UK will start supplying FPV drones to Ukraine within the Drone Coalition.

This is the first project to be launched from the £200 million ($250 million) drone package that the Prime Minister announced in January 2024.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 22:05

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1984 book by Mahmoud Abbas

The Other Side: the Secret Relationship Between Nazism and Zionism Mahmoud Abbas

AuthorMahmoud AbbasOriginal titleAl-wajh al-ʾāá¸ar: al-Êalāqāt as-sirriyya bayna n-nāziyya wa-á¹£-á¹£iḥyÅniyyaCountryJordanLanguageArabicSubjectHistoryPublisherDar Ibn RushdPublication date

1984. 2nd edition 2011 by Billsan Publishing House, Ramallah, Palestine.Pages253The Other Side: the Secret Relationship Between Nazism and Zionism (Arabic: اÙÙجه اÙØخر: اÙعÙاقات اÙØ"ريØ(C) بين اÙنازيØ(C) ÙاÙصهيÙنيØ(C) , romanized: Al-wajh al-ʾāá¸ar: al-Êalāqāt as-sirriyya bayna n-nāziyya wa-á¹£-á¹£iḥyÅniyya )[1] is a book by Mahmoud Abbas,[2] published in 1984 in Arabic.[2] It was re-published in 2011.[3] It is based on his CandSc thesis,[4] completed in 1982 at Patrice Lumumba University (now the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia) under the title The Connection between the Nazis and the Leaders of the Zionist Movement, and defended at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.[citation needed ] The central thesis of the book is that the Zionist movement and its leaders were "fundamental partners" of the Nazis and equally responsible for the Holocaust.

Abbas' Holocaust revisionism does not deny that the Holocaust happened or that it is one of the worst crimes in history. The question he raises is who is guilty of this crime; he posits that blaming the Nazis is only "half the truth". According to Abbas, the Zionists collaborated in killing a large number of European Jews in order to encourage the rest to embrace Zionism and emigrate to Palestine. The book refers to the Haavara Agreement, in which the Third Reich agreed with the Jewish Agency to facilitate Jewish emigration from Germany to Mandatory Palestine.[4] He suggests that Israel's abduction, trial and subsequent execution of Adolf Eichmann, the high ranking Nazi who was a main architect behind the Holocaust, was a cover-up operation. Eichmann was in the process of revealing the involvement of the Zionists in the making of the Holocaust to the American magazine "Life" and was therefore silenced, says Abbas in the book.[5]

He has so far not disclaimed his thesis in The Other Side and the book is until today (Jan 2021) promoted by the official Palestinian presidency website[6] and the Palestine embassy.[7]

Study at Patrice Lumumba University Abbas attended at Patrice Lumumba University to prepare and present his doctoral thesis. The institute's director at the time, Yevgeny Primakov, one of the Soviet masterminds of active measures and academic research, such as Operation INFEKTION, supported a Soviet specialist on Palestine, Vladimir Ivanovich Kisilev as Abbas' dissertation adviser. They communicated mostly in English and Arabic.[4] In an interview with the magazine Kommersant 20 years later, Kisilev remembers Abbas as a well-prepared graduate student, who came to Moscow with an already chosen research topic and a large amount of already prepared material.[4]

The title of Abbas' thesis is The Connection between the Nazis and the Leaders of the Zionist Movement or, in Russian, "Ðвязи между сионизмом и нацизмом. 1933''1945".[citation needed ] In 1984, a book based on Abbas' doctoral dissertation was published in Arabic by Dar Ibn Rushd publishers in Amman, Jordan under the title al-Wajh al-akhar : al-`alaqat al-sirriyah bayna al-Naziyah wa-al-Sihyuniyah.[citation needed ]

Content of the thesis and book The thesis of the book is that the Zionist movement and its leaders were the partners of the Nazis in planning and carrying out the Holocaust. He builds the case on the Haavara Agreement of 1933, in which the Third Reich agreed with the Jewish Agency to enable Jews to emigrate from Germany directly to Mandatory Palestine, which he sees as evidence of collaboration.[4]

According to Abbas, the Zionists worked with Hitler on making Europe unlivable for Jews in order to force them to move to Palestine:

The Zionist movement led a broad campaign of incitement against the Jews living under Nazi rule to arouse the government's hatred of them, to fuel vengeance against them and to expand the mass extermination.[8]

every racist in the world was given the green light, and first and foremost Hitler and the Nazis, to do with the Jews as they wish, as long as it ensures Jewish immigration to Palestine.

According to Abbas' thesis, the Western powers that won the war and convicted the Nazis for war crimes in the Nuremberg trials chose to hide the Zionist participation in the Holocaust:

They used the details, events and crimes as they liked, and ignored everything they wanted to ignore '... Eventually they accused the leaders of Nazism of all the crimes that occurred during that war, and persecuted [them] for an unlimited period, without any statute of limitations '... thus these countries only dealt with half of the truth, and neglected '' deliberately '' the second half.

Abbas describes the number of Jews murdered in the Nazi Holocaust as agreed upon by mainstream historians, six million, as a "fantastic lie".[9][10][11] In the book, he wrote:

It seems that the interest of the Zionist movement, however, is to inflate this figure so that their gains will be greater. This led them to emphasize this figure [six million] in order to gain the solidarity of international public opinion with Zionism. Many scholars have debated the figure of six million and reached stunning conclusions '-- fixing the number of Jewish victims at only a few hundred thousand.[12]

Abbas quotes historian Raul Hilberg to support his allegations that fewer than one million Jews were killed.[13][14][15][16] However, Rafael Medoff of the David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies denied the assertion that "The historian and author, Raoul Hilberg, thinks that the figure does not exceed 890,000", and said this is "utterly false". He wrote that "Professor Hilberg, a distinguished historian and author of the classic study The Destruction of the European Jews, has never said or written any such thing."[12]

In the book Abbas raises doubts regarding the existence of the gas chambers, quoting Robert Faurisson, on the nonexistence of gas chambers.[13] [17]

in a scientific study published by French professor Robert Faurisson, he attacked the existence of such chambers for those alleged purposes [to kill jews], and stated with certainty that they were solely for cremating bodies, for fear of the spread of disease and bacteria in nearby areas.

A global survey of Holocaust denial, published by David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies in 2004, describes the book as "denying the Holocaust".[18]

Political controversy and Abbas' clarifications After Abbas was appointed prime minister of the Palestinian Authority in 2003, the Israel Defense Forces removed excerpts from the Abbas book from its website, including quotes questioning the use of gas chambers and talking of less than one million victims.[8]

Abbas has been accused of Holocaust denial. In the book, he argues that Zionists created "the myth" of six million murdered Jews, which he calls a "fantastic lie".[9][10][11][12]

In his May 2003 interview with Haaretz, Abbas stated:

I wrote in detail about the Holocaust and said I did not want to discuss numbers. I quoted an argument between historians in which various numbers of casualties were mentioned. One wrote there were twelve million victims and another wrote there were 800,000. I have no desire to argue with the figures. The Holocaust was a terrible, unforgivable crime against the Jewish nation, a crime against humanity that cannot be accepted by humankind. The Holocaust was a terrible thing and nobody can claim I denied it.[19]

In a 2003 interview in the New York Times he said "When I wrote The Other Side ... we were at war with Israel. Today I would not have made such remarks".[20]

In an interview with the Ma'an news agency in 2013, Abbas defended his doctoral thesis regarding the relationship between the Zionists and the Nazis and said he "challenges anyone who can deny that the Zionist movement had ties with the Nazis before World War II.".[21][22]

References ^ al-Wajh al-Akhar: al-'Alaqat as-Sirriya bayna an-Naziya wa's-Sihyuniya. Publisher: Dar Ibn Rushd, Amman, Jordan. 1984. ^ a b National Library of Australia Catalogue detail. ^ al-Wajh al-Akhar: al-'Alaqat as-Sirriya bayna an-Naziya wa's-Sihyuniya. Publisher: Billsan Publishing House, Ramallah, Palestine. 2011. ^ a b c d e Аббас на Ð"Ð>>иняных ноÐ"ах (Abbas on the feet of clay), Kommersant-Vlast No. 2(605), 17.01.2005) (in Russian) ^ Abbas' book reveals: The 'Nazi-Zionist plot' of the Holocaust, by Ronen Bergman ynet news. Nov 2014 ^ Books written by President Mahmoud Abbas, president.ps. Jan 2021 ^ The President Mahmoud Abbas, Palestine Embassy. Jan 2021 ^ a b Chris McGreal: Arafat forced to give up most powers to new PM The Guardian 19 March 2003. ^ a b Morris, Benny. Exposing Abbas. The National Interest. May 19, 2011 ^ a b Mass, Warren. "Clinton Meets with Abbas". The New American. March 4, 2009 ^ a b Latner, Gabriel. "Palestinian Peacemakers". The American Thinker. September 28, 2010 ^ a b c A Holocaust-Denier as Prime Minister of "Palestine"? by Dr. Rafael Medoff (The David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies) ^ a b Holocaust Denial's Assault on Memory: Precursor to Twenty-First Century Genocide Archived 2012-02-06 at the Wayback Machine, H Brackman, A Breitbart, RA Cooper - Los Angeles: Simon Wiesenthal Center, 2007, p. 11 ^ Meir Litvak; Ester Webman (30 June 2012). From Empathy to Denial: Arab Responses to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-231-70075-7 . Retrieved 18 March 2013 . ^ Arafat's war: the man and his struggle for Israeli conquest by Efraim Karsh, 2003, page 98 ^ Holocaust denial as an international movement by Stephen E. Atkins, ABC-CLIO, 2009, page 214 ^ Edi Cohen. Abu Mazen's Zionist Nazis - Book Review: Mahmoud Abbas, The Other Face: The Secret Contacts Between Nazism and Zionism. Mida June 23, 2014 . ^ Alex Grobman (2004). "Holocaust Denial: A Global Survey - 2004". ^ Interview with Mahmoud Abbas by Akiva Eldar, Haaretz. May 2003 ^ Soft-Spoken but Not Afraid to Voice Opinions, By GREG MYRE, NY Times, March 11, 2003 ^ "Abbas: Israel agreed to let refugees into West Bank from Syria". Ma'an News Agency. 23 January 2013. Archived from the original on 17 April 2013 . Retrieved 24 January 2013 . ^ " 'Abbas claims Zionists, Nazis linked before WWII' ". Archived from the original on April 8, 2013.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 21:56

Tucker Carlson's new media company has found a backer.

Omeed Malik, through his newly launched 1789 Capital boutique investment firm, has invested $15 million in seed capital into Last Country, the startup founded by Carlson and Neil Patel, according to the Wall Street Journal.

The venture will ultimately be subscription-driven, but is currently building an audience with videos featuring Carlson streamed on Twitter, including a high-profile one with Donald Trump that ran at the same time as the first Republican candidates' debate.

Malik, who also founded the bank Farvahar Partners, launched 1789 as an ''anti-woke'' equity firm. It is, at present, funded modestly, with $150 million to invest, which could make it hard for the company to compete against larger VC firms.

The investment in Carlson's media business is meant to help it show proof of concept, which would enable the company to then take on larger capital investments. It does not assign a valuation, at present, to the business, according to the WSJ.

Carlson was abruptly pushed out of Fox News on April 24. No official reason was given, but in the weeks since the action, leaks revealed he had allegedly sent misogynistic and vulgar messages about his coworkers. Tucker Carlson Tonight was Fox's most-viewed evening program, averaging 3.2 million viewers during the first quarter.

On May 9, weeks after his departure, Carlson announced plans to bring a new version of his show to Twitter. In doing so, he reportedly gave up any severance payments he might have been owed by Fox. Puck News's Dylan Byers, on Twitter, wrote at the time: ''He will forgo at least $25 million owed to him by Fox Corp. in order to break noncompete clause.''

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 21:50

New York Gov. Kathy Hochul (D) addressed New York business owners in a new interview and told them there was ''nothing to worry about'' after former President Trump was hit with a $355 million fine and a ban on conducting business in New York for three years.

Hochul joined John Catsimatidis on ''The Cats Roundtable'' on WABC 770 AM, where she was asked if other New York businesspeople should be worried that if ''they can do that to the former president, they can do that to anybody.''

''I think that this is really an extraordinary, unusual circumstance that the law-abiding and rule-following New Yorkers who are business people have nothing to worry about, because they're very different than Donald Trump and his behavior,'' Hochul responded.

A New York judge on Friday ordered Trump to pay the massive sum in penalties in a civil fraud case. The decision came just weeks after closing arguments wrapped up a months-long trial based on a suit brought by New York Attorney General Letitia James (D) alleging Trump falsely altered his net worth to receive tax and insurance benefits.

The judge, Arthur Engoron, found Trump, the Trump Organization, top executives and his adult sons liable for fraud.

Hochul said there was no way she would overrule Engoron's decision because ''we need a clear separation of powers.'' She added that ''that's what was envisioned by our Founding Fathers.''

The governor provided reassurance to New York businesses after the ruling. ''By and large, they are honest people and they're not trying to hide their assets and they're following the rules,'' she said of the people who own and conduct business in the New York City area.

''And so this judge determined that Donald Trump did not follow the rules. He was prosecuted and truly, the governor of the state of New York does not have a say in the size of a fine, and we want to make sure that we don't have that level of interference,'' she said.

Copyright 2024 Nexstar Media Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 21:28

In a groundbreaking move that challenges traditional norms and opens a new chapter in the evolution of democratic participation, San Francisco has named Kelly Wong, a Chinese immigrant and advocate for immigrant rights, as the first noncitizen to the city's Elections Commission. Arriving in the United States in 2019, Wong's journey from Hong Kong to a pivotal role in one of America's most vibrant cities is a testament to the shifting dynamics of civic engagement and the increasing recognition of noncitizens' contributions to the community.

Breaking Barriers: A Noncitizen's Rise to the Elections CommissionWong's appointment is not merely a personal achievement but a milestone for San Francisco, a city known for its progressive stances and diverse population. The decision to allow a noncitizen to play a significant role in overseeing election policies reflects a broader move towards inclusivity and diversity in governance. This was made possible by a 2020 voter-approved measure that eliminated the citizenship requirement for serving on city boards and commissions, signaling a shift in how representation and participation are viewed in the city's political landscape.

Despite not having the legal right to vote, Wong's role on the Elections Commission will be crucial in shaping policies that affect the city's electoral processes. Her primary aim is to enhance engagement among the city's immigrant and non-English speaking communities, a demographic that faces unique challenges in civic participation. By ensuring that voter materials are translated effectively and accessibly, Wong is poised to make a significant impact on how these communities interact with the democratic process.

Empowering Communities: The Heart of Wong's MissionBefore her historic appointment, Kelly Wong was deeply involved in advocacy work through her position at Chinese for Affirmative Action, focusing on the needs and rights of low-income Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) immigrants in San Francisco. Her research on racial microaggressions faced by Chinese immigrant women during the Covid pandemic has also been published, highlighting her commitment to addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by immigrants.

Wong's dedication to her community and her understanding of the barriers to participation that non-English speaking and immigrant populations face are at the core of her mission on the Elections Commission. By emphasizing the importance of clear, accessible voter information and advocating for policies that consider the needs of these communities, Wong is not only working to ensure that they are represented but also that they feel a sense of belonging and empowerment within the democratic framework.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 20:29

The hawkish South Carolina Republican called for Russia to be designated a ''sponsor of terrorism'' last week

Republican Senator Lindsey Graham, who called on the US government to designate Russia a state sponsor of terrorism last week, has been added to the Moscow's list of extremists and terrorists, local media reported on Tuesday.

Graham is entry number 3967, according to the Federal Financial Monitoring Service, the Russian agency responsible for the list. The database does not cite specific reasons why entities or individuals are included.

Lindsey's remarks came on Sunday in response to the news about the death of Russian opposition figure Alexey Navalny. Speaking to the CBS program Face the Nation, the lawmaker proposed the designation as a way of making Russians ''pay a price for killing Navalny.''

The Russian prison service reported that the inmate, who was serving a term for several separate criminal convictions, collapsed after a routine walk during the day. Medics' attempts to save his life had proven futile, the statement released on Friday said.

No autopsy results have been released so far. The Russian government cited a rush by Western politicians to blame Moscow for his death as evidence of their bias.

Graham is a vocal proponent of a hawkish approach to foreign policy. Last year, the Republican hailed US military aid provided to Ukraine as ''the best money we've ever spent,'' while visiting Kiev.

The claim sparked a media scandal at the time, after the office of Ukrainian President Vladimir Zelensky edited Graham's remarks to make it appear like he was describing the killing of Russians by Ukrainians, which wasn't the case. Graham did, however, suggest that Russians dying at the hands of Ukrainians on the battlefield was a good thing.

The Russian Investigative Committee has opened a criminal case against Graham over the May 2023 episode. The Interior Ministry consequently put the American on the wanted list.

The South Carolina senator now stands with most of his Republican peers in the Ukraine-skeptical camp of the US Congress and has spoken against providing Kiev with continued funding.

''I'm not helping Ukraine until we help ourselves,'' the senator told CNN in December, as the administration of President Joe Biden was urging lawmakers to provide Ukraine with a second military aid package, worth tens of billions of dollars.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 18:58

A letter describing Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny as a paid agent of British-American investor William Browder is fake, former CIA agent Valerie Plame told the Dozhd television channel on Monday.

The letter was shown during the weekly "Vesti Nedeli" news show on the Rossia 1 channel which showed a clip from the "The Browder Effect" film '-- due to be aired in full on Wednesday, the RBC news website reported.

"I think that the letter is fake," said Plame, adding that she had never heard of Alexei Navalny or William Browder.

The film claimed that Navalny, under the pseudonym "Freedom," cooperated with Browder in an operation called "Quake," allegedly designed by the CIA in 1986 to undermine the Russian constitutional order.

The film also shows a letter allegedly signed by Valerie Plame in September 2009. In an interview to Dozhd, Plame said that she left the CIA before 2009.

Navalny said that he plans to sue Rossia 1 and its anchor Dmitry Kiselyov for slander, RBC reported. "It is his right," Kiselyov said in response, adding that the film will be shown regardless of the oppositioner's claims.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 18:41

Russian opposition leader (1976''2024)

Alexei Anatolyevich Navalny[c][d] (Russian: АÐ>>ексей АнатоÐ>>ьевич Ð'аваÐ>>ьный , IPA: [ɐlʲɪkËsʲej ɐnɐËtolʲjɪvʲɪtɕ nɐËvalʲnɨj] ; 4 June 1976 '' 16 February 2024) was a Russian opposition leader,[2][4] lawyer, anti-corruption activist, and political prisoner. He organised anti-government demonstrations and ran for office to advocate reforms against corruption in Russia and against President Vladimir Putin and his government.[5] Navalny was a Russian Opposition Coordination Council member, the leader of the Russia of the Future party and founder of the Anti-Corruption Foundation (FBK).[6] He was recognised by Amnesty International as a prisoner of conscience, and was awarded the Sakharov Prize for his work on human rights.

Through his social media channels, Navalny and his team published material about corruption in Russia, organised political demonstrations and promoted his campaigns. In a 2011 radio interview, he described Russia's ruling party, United Russia, as a "party of crooks and thieves", which became a popular epithet. Navalny and the FBK have published investigations detailing alleged corruption by high-ranking Russian officials and their associates.

Navalny twice received a suspended sentence for embezzlement, in 2013 and 2014. Both criminal cases were widely considered politically motivated and intended to bar him from running in future elections. He ran in the 2013 Moscow mayoral election and came in second with 27% of the vote but was barred from running in the 2018 presidential election.

In August 2020, Navalny was hospitalised in serious condition after being poisoned with a Novichok nerve agent.[7] He was medically evacuated to Berlin and discharged a month later.[8] Navalny accused Putin of being responsible for his poisoning, and an investigation implicated agents from the Federal Security Service. In January 2021, Navalny returned to Russia and was immediately detained on accusations of violating parole conditions while he was hospitalised in Germany. Following his arrest, mass protests were held across Russia.[9] In February 2021, his suspended sentence was replaced with a prison sentence of over two and a half years' detention, and his organisations were later designated as extremist and liquidated. In March 2022, Navalny was sentenced to an additional nine years in prison after being found guilty of embezzlement and contempt of court in a new trial described as a sham by Amnesty International;[10][11] his appeal was rejected and in June, he was transferred to a high-security prison.[12] In August 2023, Navalny was sentenced to an additional 19 years in prison on extremism charges.[13]

In December 2023, Navalny went missing from prison for almost three weeks. He re-emerged in an Arctic Circle corrective colony in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.[14][15] On 16 February 2024, the Russian prison service reported that Navalny had died at the age of 47.[16][17] His death sparked protests, both in Russia and in various other countries. Accusations against the Russian authorities in connection with his death have been made by Western governments and international organisations.

Early life and education Navalny was of Russian and Ukrainian descent.[18][19] His father was from Zalissia, a former village near the Belarusian border that was relocated due to the Chernobyl disaster in Ivankiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine. Navalny grew up in Obninsk, about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Moscow, but spent his childhood summers with his grandmother in Ukraine, acquiring proficiency in the Ukrainian language.[18][20] His parents, Anatoly Navalny, and Lyudmila Navalnaya, own a basket-weaving factory, which they have run since 1994, in the village of Kobyakovo, Vologda Oblast. As of 2012, they were still running the factory.[21]

Navalny graduated from Kalininets secondary school (level 3 according to the ISCED) in 1993.[22] He graduated from the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia in 1998 with a law degree.[2] He then studied securities and exchanges at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, graduating in 2001.[23][24] He received a scholarship to the Yale World Fellows program at Yale University in 2010.[25][26]

Legal career From 1998, Navalny worked as a lawyer for various Russian companies.[22]

In 2009, Navalny became an advocate and a member of advocate's chamber (bar association) of Kirov Oblast (registration number 43/547). In 2010, due to his move to Moscow, he ceased to be a member of advocate's chamber of Kirov Oblast and became a member of advocate's chamber of Moscow (registration number 77/9991).[27][28]

In November 2013, after the judgement in the Kirovles case had entered into force, Navalny was deprived of advocate status.[29][30]

Political activity Yabloko Navalny in 2006In 2000, following the announcement of a new law that would raise the electoral threshold for State Duma elections, Navalny joined the Russian United Democratic Party Yabloko. According to Navalny, the law was stacked against Yabloko and Union of Right Forces, and he decided to join, even though he was not "a big fan" of either organisation.[31] In 2001, he was listed as a member of the party.[31] In 2002, he was elected to the regional council of the Moscow branch of Yabloko.[32] In 2003, he headed the Moscow subdivision of the election campaign of the party for the parliamentary election held in December. In April 2004, Navalny became Chief of Staff of the Moscow branch of Yabloko, where he remained until February 2007. Also in 2004, he became Deputy Chief of the Moscow branch of the party. From 2006 to 2007, he was a member of the Federal Council of the party.[33]

In August 2005, Navalny was admitted to the Social Council of the Central Administrative Okrug of Moscow, created before the Moscow City Duma election held later that year, in which he took part as a candidate. In November, he was one of the initiators of the Youth Public Chamber, intended to help younger politicians take part in legislative initiatives.[33] At the same time, in 2005, Navalny started another youth social movement, named "DA! '' Democratic Alternative".[e] The project was not connected to Yabloko or any other political party. Within the movement, Navalny participated in several projects. In particular, he was one of the organisers of the movement-run political debates, which soon resonated in the media.[33] Navalny also organised television debates via state-run Moscow channel TV Center; two initial episodes showed high ratings, but the show was suddenly canceled. According to Navalny, the authorities prohibited the appearance of certain people on television.[33]

In late 2006, Navalny appealed to the Moscow City Hall, asking it to grant permission to conduct the nationalist 2006 Russian march. However, he added that Yabloko condemned "any ethnic or racial hatred and any xenophobia" and called on the police to oppose "any fascist, Nazi, xenophobic manifestations".[f]

In 2007, Navalny was expelled from Yabloko for asking to democratically re-elect the leadership of the party including Grigory Yavlinsky.[33]

NAROD In 2007, prior the expulsion of the Yobloko party, Navalny alongside with Zakhar Prilepin, journalist Sergei Gulyaev and others, were the co-founders of the National Russian Liberation Movement a far-right wing Russian nationalist political movement that existed until 2011. The movement has two main goals: "national revival" and "fight against the ruling regime and kleptocracy".[35]. The founding of the movement took place on 23-24 June 2007, where Alexei Navalny become elected co-chair with nazbol writer Zakhar Prilepin and journalist Sergei Gulyaev were elected co-chairs of the movement. Other nazbol, Andrei Dmitriev, co-coordinator of The Other Russia coalition in Saint Petersburg, became the chairman of the political council, and the communist Petr Miloserdov became the chairman of the executive committee.[35]

Subsequently, Navalny was expelled from Yabloko for "promoting nationalist ideas".[36]In 2008, the creation of the "Russian National Movement" was announced, which included the organizations Movement Against Illegal Immigration, Great Russia and NAROD. The co-chairman of the NAROD movement, Alexei Navalny, promised that the new association would participate in the next elections to the State Duma and had a chance to win. He noted: ''I think such an association will receive a fairly large percentage of votes and will claim victory . Up to 60 percent of the population adheres to spontaneous nationalism, but it is not politically formalized in any way''.[37]

In June 2008, at the joint conference "New Political Nationalism", Movement Against Illegal Immigration and the "People" movement signed an agreement on cooperation (information exchange, coordination of activities, monitoring of manifestations of Russophobia). Navalny said that the "new political nationalism" is a democratic movement, in which it will give "a hundred points ahead of the note liberals".[38]

As of 2011, the movement ceased active activity and, according to Navalny, "organizationally failed", but formulated a "very correct platform"[39]

2011 parliamentary election and protests Navalny at the courthouse, 6 December 2011In December 2011, after parliamentary elections and accusations of electoral fraud,[40] approximately 6,000 people gathered in Moscow to protest the contested result, and an estimated 300 people were arrested, including Navalny. Navalny was arrested on 5 December.[41][42] After a period of uncertainty for his supporters, Navalny appeared in court and was sentenced to a maximum of 15 days "for defying a government official". Alexei Venediktov, editor-in-chief of Echo of Moscow radio station, called the arrest "a political mistake: jailing Navalny transforms him from an online leader into an offline one".[42] After his arrest, his blog became available in English.[41] Navalny was kept in the same prison as several other activists, including Ilya Yashin and Sergei Udaltsov, the unofficial leader of the Vanguard of Red Youth, a radical Russian communist youth group. Udaltsov went on a hunger strike to protest against the conditions.[43]

Navalny at Moscow rally, 10 March 2012Upon his release on 20 December 2011, Navalny called on Russians to unite against Putin, who Navalny said would try to claim victory in the presidential election, which was held on 4 March 2012.[44]

After his release, Navalny informed reporters that it would be senseless for him to run in the presidential elections because the Kremlin would not allow the elections to be fair, but if free elections were held, he would "be ready" to run.[44] On 24 December, he helped lead a demonstration, estimated at 50,000 people, which was much larger than the previous post-election demonstration. Speaking to the crowd, he said, "I see enough people to take the Kremlin right now".[45]

In March 2012, after Putin was elected president, Navalny helped lead an anti-Putin rally in Moscow's Pushkinskaya Square, attended by between 14,000 and 20,000 people. After the rally, Navalny was detained by authorities for several hours, and then released.[46] On 8 May 2012, the day after Putin was inaugurated, Navalny and Udaltsov were arrested after an anti-Putin rally at Clean Ponds, and were each given 15-day jail sentences.[47] Amnesty International designated the two men prisoners of conscience.[48] On 11 June, Moscow prosecutors conducted a 12-hour search of Navalny's home, office, and the apartment of one of his relatives.[49] Soon afterwards, some of Navalny's personal emails were posted online by a pro-government blogger.[50]

New party On 26 June 2012, it was announced that Navalny's comrades would establish a new political party based on e-democracy; Navalny declared he did not plan to participate in this project at the moment.[51] On 31 July, they filed a document to register an organising committee of a future party named "The People's Alliance".[52] The party identified itself as centrist; one of the then-current leaders of the party, and Navalny's ally Vladimir Ashurkov, explained this was intended to help the party get a large share of voters. Navalny said the concept of political parties was "outdated", and added his participation would make maintaining the party more difficult. However, he "blessed" the party and discussed its maintenance with its leaders. They, in turn, stated they wanted to eventually see Navalny as a member of the party.[53] On 15 December 2012 Navalny expressed his support of the party, saying, "The People's Alliance is my party", but again refused to join it, citing the criminal cases against him.[54]

On 10 April 2013, the party filed documents for the official registration of the party.[55] On 30 April, the registration of the party was suspended.[56] On 5 July 2013 the party was declined registration; according to Izvestia, not all founders of the party were present during the congress, even though the papers contained their signatures.[57] Navalny reacted to that with a tweet saying, "A salvo of all guns."[58] Following the mayoral election, on 15 September 2013, Navalny declared he would join and, possibly, head the party.[59] On 17 November 2013 Navalny was elected as the leader of the party.[60]

On 8 January 2014, Navalny's party filed documents for registration for the second time.[61] On 20 January, registration of the party was suspended;[62] according to Russian laws, no two parties can share a name.[63] On 8 February 2014, Navalny's party changed its name to "Progress Party".[64] On 25 February 2014, the party was registered, and[65] at this point, had six months to register regional branches in at least half of the federal subjects of Russia.[g] On 26 September 2014, the party declared it had registered 43 regional branches.[67] An unnamed source of Izvestia in the ministry said registrations completed after the six-month term would not be taken into consideration, adding, "Yes, trials are taking place in some regions ... they cannot register new branches in other regions during the trials, because the main term is over". Navalny's blog countered, "Our answer is simple. A six-month term for registration has been legally prolonged ad interim prosecution of appeals of denials and registration suspensions".[67]

Navalny's election campaign in 2013On 1 February 2015, the party held a convention, where Navalny stated the party was preparing for the 2016 elections, declaring the party would maintain its activity across Russia, saying, "We are unabashed to work in remote lands where the opposition does not work. We can even [work] in Crimea". The candidates the party would appoint were to be chosen via primary elections; however, he added, the party's candidates may be removed from elections.[68] On 17 April 2015, the party initiated a coalition of democratic parties.[69] On 28 April 2015, the party was deprived of registration by the Ministry of Justice, which stated the party had not registered the required number of regional branches within six months after the official registration.[70] Krainev claimed that the party could be eliminated only by the Supreme Court, and he added that not all trials of registration of regional branches were over, calling the verdict "illegal twice". He added that the party would appeal to the European Court of Human Rights, and expressed confidence that the party would be restored and admitted to elections.[71] The next day, the party officially challenged the verdict.[72]

2013 Moscow mayoral candidacy Ratings of Sobyanin and Navalny among those who said they would vote, according to Synovate Comcon pollsTimeSobyaninNavalnyRef29 August''2 September 60.1%21.9%[73]22''28 August 63.9%19.8%[74]15''21 August 62.5%20.3%[75]8''14 August 63.5%19.9%[76]1''7 August 74.6%15.0%[76]25''31 July 76.2%16.7%[77]18''24 July 76.6%15.7%[78]11''16 July 76.2%14.4%[79]4''10 July 78.5%10.7%[79]27 June''3 July 77.9%10.8%[79]Percentages of Muscovites who voted for Navalny during the electionNavalny's meeting at Bolotnaya Square in Moscow, 9 September 2013On 30 May 2013, Sergey Sobyanin, the mayor of Moscow, argued an elected mayor is an advantage for the city compared to an appointed one,[80] and on 4 June, he announced he would meet President Vladimir Putin and ask him for a snap election, mentioning the Muscovites would agree the governor elections should take place in the city of Moscow and the surrounding Moscow Oblast simultaneously.[81] On 6 June, the request was granted,[82] and the next day, the Moscow City Duma appointed the election on 8 September, the national voting day.[83]

On 3 June, Navalny announced he would run for the post.[84] To become an official candidate, he would need either seventy thousand signatures of Muscovites or to be pegged for the office by a registered party, and then to collect 110 signatures of municipal deputies from 110 different subdivisions (three-quarters of Moscow's 146). Navalny chose to be pegged by a party, RPR''PARNAS.[85]

Among the six candidates who were officially registered as such, only two (Sobyanin and Communist Ivan Melnikov) were able to collect the required number of the signatures themselves, and the other four were given a number of signatures by the Council of Municipal Formations, following a recommendation by Sobyanin,[86] to overcome the requirement (Navalny accepted 49 signatures, and other candidates accepted 70, 70, and 82).[87]

On 17 July, Navalny was registered as one of the six candidates for the Moscow mayoral election.[88] On 18 July, he was sentenced to a five-year prison term for the embezzlement and fraud charges that were declared in 2012. Several hours after his sentencing, he pulled out of the race and called for a boycott of the election.[89] Later that day, the prosecution office requested that Navalny be freed on bail and released from travel restrictions, since the verdict had not yet taken legal effect, saying that he had previously followed the restrictions. Navalny was a mayoral candidate, and imprisonment would thus not comply with the rule for equal access to the electorate.[90] On his return to Moscow after being freed, pending an appeal, he vowed to stay in the race.[91] The Washington Post has speculated that his release was ordered by the Kremlin in order to make the election and Sobyanin appear more legitimate.[92]

Navalny's campaign was successful in fundraising: out of 103.4 million rubles (approximately $3.09 million as of the election day[rates 1]), the total size of his electoral fund, 97.3 million ($2.91 million) were transferred by individuals throughout Russia;[94] such an amount is unprecedented in Russia.[95] It achieved a high profile through an unprecedentedly large campaign organisation that involved around 20,000 volunteers who passed out leaflets and hung banners, in addition to conducting several campaign rallies a day around the city;[96] they were the main driving force for the campaign.[97] The New Yorker described the resulted campaign as "a miracle", along with Navalny's release on 19 July, the fundraising campaign, and the personality of Navalny himself.[98] The campaign received very little television coverage and did not utilise billboards. Thanks to Navalny's strong campaign (and Sobyanin's weak one[96]), his result grew over time, weakening Sobyanin's, and in the end of the campaign, he declared the runoff election (to be conducted if none of the candidates receives at least 50% of votes) was "a hair's breadth away".[99]

The largest sociological research organisations predicted that Sobyanin would win the election, scoring 58% to 64% of the vote; they expected Navalny to receive 15''20% of the vote, and the turnout was to be 45''52%. (Levada Center was the only one not to have made any predictions; the data it had on 28 August was similar to that of other organisations.)[100] The final results of the voting showed Navalny received 27% of the vote, more than candidates appointed by the parties that received second, third, fourth, and fifth highest results during the 2011 parliamentary elections, altogether. Navalny fared better in the center and southwest of Moscow, which have higher income and education levels.[92] Sobyanin received 51% of the vote, winning the election. The turnout was 32%.[101] The organisations explained the differences were because Sobyanin's electorate did not vote, as they felt that their candidate was guaranteed to win. Navalny's campaign office predicted Sobyanin would score 49''51%, and Navalny would get 24''26% of votes.[100]

Many experts said the election had been fair, that the number of irregularities had been much lower than those of other elections held within the country, and that the irregularities had had little effect on the result.[102][103] Dmitri Abyzalov, leading expert of Center of Political Conjuncture, added low turnout figures provide a further sign of fairness of the election, because that shows they were not overestimated.[102] However, according to Andrei Buzin, co-chairman of the GOLOS Association, State Departments of Social Security added people who did not originally want to vote to lists of those who would vote at home, with the number of such voters being 5% of those who voted, and added this did cause questions if Sobyanin would score 50% if this did not take place.[103] Dmitry Oreshkin, leader of the "People's election commission" project (who did a separate counting based on the data from election observers; their result for Sobyanin was 50%), said now that the runoff election was only 2% away, all details would be looked at very closely, and added it was impossible to prove "anything" juridically.[104]

On 9 September, the day following the election, Navalny publicly denounced the tally, saying, "We do not recognise the results. They are fake". Sobyanin's office rejected an offer of a vote recount.[105] On 12 September, Navalny addressed the Moscow City Court to overturn the result of the poll; the court rejected the assertion. Navalny then challenged the decision in the Supreme Court of Russia, but the court ruled that the election results were legitimate.[106]

RPR-PARNAS and democratic coalition Following the mayoral election, Navalny was offered a position as the fourth co-chairman of RPR-PARNAS.[107] On 14 November 2014, the two remaining RPR-PARNAS co-chairmen, Boris Nemtsov and former Prime Minister of Russia Mikhail Kasyanov, declared it was the right moment to create a wide coalition of political forces, who favour the "European choice"; Navalny's Progress Party was seen as one of the potential participants.[108] However, on 27 February 2015, Nemtsov was shot dead. Prior to his assassination, Nemtsov worked on a project of a coalition, in which Navalny and Khodorkovsky would become co-chairmen of RPR-PARNAS. Navalny declared merging parties would invoke bureaucratic difficulties and question the legitimacy of party's right to participate in federal elections without signatures collecting.[109] However, Nemtsov's murder accelerated the work, and on 17 April, Navalny declared a wide discussion had taken place among Progress Party, RPR-PARNAS, and other closely aligned parties, which resulted in an agreement of formation of a new electoral bloc between the two leaders.[69] Soon thereafter, it was signed by four other parties and supported by Khodorkovsky's Open Russia foundation.[110] Electoral blocs are not present within the current[when? ] law system of Russia, so it would be realised via means of a single party, RPR-PARNAS, which is not only eligible for participation in statewide elections, but is also currently[when? ] not required to collect citizens' signatures for the right to participate in the State Duma elections scheduled for September 2016, due to the regional parliament mandate previously taken by Nemtsov. The candidates RPR-PARNAS would appoint were to be chosen via primary elections.[111]

On 5 July 2015, Kasyanov was elected as the only leader of RPR-PARNAS, and the party was renamed to just PARNAS. He added he would like to eventually re-establish the institution of co-chairmanship, adding, "Neither Alexei Navalny nor Mikhail Khodorkovsky will enter our party today and be elected as co-chairmen. But in the future, I think, such time will come".[112] On 7 July, in an interview released by TV Rain, he specified Navalny could not leave a party of his, and this would need to be completed by PARNAS adsorbing members of the Progress Party and other parties of the coalition, and Navalny would be to come at some point when he "grows into this and feels this could be done" and join the party as well.[113]

Protesters marching along Moscow's Tverskaya Street, 26 March 2017The coalition claimed to have collected enough citizens' signatures for registration in the four regions it originally aimed for. However, in one region, the coalition would declare some signatures and personal data have been altered by malevolent collectors;[114] signatures in the other regions have been rejected by regional election commissions.[115][116][117] In Novosibirsk Oblast, some election office staff went on a hunger strike, which was abandoned almost two weeks since its inception, when Khodorkovsky, Navalny, and Kasyanov publicly advised to do so.[118] Ðomplaints have been issued to the Central Election Commission of Russia, after which the coalition has been registered as a participant in a regional election in one of the three contested regions, Kostroma Oblast. According to a source of Gazeta.ru "close to the Kremlin", the presidential administration saw coalition's chances as very low, yet was wary, but the restoration in one region occurred so PARNAS could "score a consolation goal".[119] According to the official election results, the coalition scored 2% of votes, not enough to overcome the 5% threshold; the party admitted the election was lost.[120]

2018 presidential election Navalny announced his entry into the presidential race on 13 December 2016,[121][122] however on 8 February 2017, the Leninsky district court of Kirov repeated its sentence of 2013 (after the case has been sent to a new trial with a different judge by the Supreme Court which annulled the initial sentence after the decision of ECHR, which ruled that Russia had violated Navalny's right to a fair trial, in the Kirovles case) and charged him with a five-year suspended sentence.[123] This sentence, if it came into force and remained valid, might prohibit the future official registration of Navalny as a candidate. Navalny announced that he would pursue the annulment of the sentence that clearly contradicts the decision of ECHR. Moreover, Navalny announced that his presidential campaign would proceed independently of court decisions. He referred to the Russian Constitution (Article 32), which deprives only two groups of citizens of the right to be elected: those recognised by the court as legally unfit and those kept in places of confinement by a court sentence. According to Freedom House and The Economist, Navalny was the most viable contender to Vladimir Putin in the 2018 election.[124][125] Navalny organised a series of anti-corruption rallies in different cities across Russia in March. This appeal was responded to by the representatives of 95 Russian cities, and four cities abroad: London, Prague, Basel and Bonn.[126]

Navalny's campaign rally in Yekaterinburg, 16 September 2017Navalny was attacked by unknown assailants outside his office in the Anti-Corruption Foundation on 27 April 2017. They sprayed brilliant green dye, possibly mixed with other components, into his face in a Zelyonka attack that can damage eyes of the victim. He had been attacked before, earlier in the spring. In the second attack, the green-colored disinfectant had evidently been mixed with a caustic chemical, resulting in a chemical burn to his right eye.[127] He reportedly lost 80 percent of the sight in his right eye.[128][129] Navalny accused the Kremlin of orchestrating the attack.[130][131]

Navalny was released from jail on 27 July 2017 after spending 25 days of imprisonment. Before that, he was arrested in Moscow for participating in protests and was sentenced to 30 days in jail for organising illegal protests.[132]

In September 2017, Human Rights Watch accused Russian police of systematic interference with Navalny's presidential campaign. "The pattern of harassment and intimidation against Navalny's campaign is undeniable," said Hugh Williamson, Europe, and Central Asia director at Human Rights Watch. "Russian authorities should let Navalny's campaigners work without undue interference and properly investigate attacks against them by ultra-nationalists and pro-government groups."[133] On 21 September, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe invited Russian authorities, in connection with the Kirovles case, "to use urgently further avenues to erase the prohibition on Mr. Navalny's standing for election".[134]

Navalny was sentenced to 20 days in jail on 2 October 2017 for calls to participate in protests without approval from state authorities.[135]

Roman Rubanov, Navalny and Ivan Zhdanov at a meeting of the Central Election Commission in December 2017In December 2017, Russia's Central Electoral Commission barred Navalny from running for president in 2018, citing Navalny's corruption conviction. The European Union said Navalny's removal cast "serious doubt" on the election. Navalny called for a boycott of the 2018 presidential election, stating his removal meant that millions of Russians were being denied their vote.[136] Navalny filed an appeal against the Russian Supreme Court's ruling on 3 January,[137] however a few days later on 6 January, the Supreme Court of Russia rejected his appeal.[138]

Navalny led protests on 28 January 2018 to urge a boycott of Russia's 2018 presidential election. Navalny was arrested on the day of the protest and then released the same day, pending trial. OVD-Info reported that 257 people were arrested throughout the country. According to Russian news reports, police stated Navalny was likely to be charged with calling for unauthorised demonstrations.[139] Two of Navalny's associates were given brief jail terms for urging people to attend unsanctioned opposition rallies. Navalny stated on 5 February 2018 the government was accusing Navalny of assaulting an officer during the protests.[140] Navalny was among 1600 people detained during 5 May protests prior to Putin's inauguration; Navalny was charged with disobeying police.[141] On 15 May, he was sentenced to 30 days in jail.[142] Immediately after his release on 25 September 2018, he was arrested and convicted for organising illegal demonstrations and sentenced to another 20 days in jail.[143]

2019 Moscow City Duma elections Rally for right to vote in Moscow (10 August 2019)During the 2019 Moscow City Duma election Navalny supported independent candidates, most of whom were not allowed to participate in the elections, which led to mass street protests. In July 2019, Navalny was arrested, first for ten days, and then, almost immediately, for 30 days. On the evening of 28 July, he was hospitalised with severe damage to his eyes and skin. At the hospital, he was diagnosed with an "allergy," although this diagnosis was disputed by Anastasia Vasilieva, an ophthalmologist who previously treated Navalny after a chemical attack by an alleged protester in 2017.[144] Vasilieva questioned the diagnosis and suggested the possibility that Navalny's condition was the result of "the damaging effects of undetermined chemicals".[145] On 29 July 2019, Navalny was discharged from hospital and taken back to prison, despite the objections of his personal physician who questioned the hospital's motives.[144][146] Supporters of Navalny and journalists near the hospital were attacked by the police and many were detained.[145] In response, he initiated the Smart Voting project.[147]

2020 constitutional referendum Navalny campaigned against the vote on constitutional amendments that took place on 1 July, calling it a "coup" and a "violation of the constitution".[7] He also said that the changes would allow President Putin to become "president for life".[148][149] After the results were announced, he called them a "big lie" that did not reflect public opinion.[150] The reforms include an amendment allowing Putin to serve another two terms in office (until 2036), after his fourth presidential term ends.[7]

Anti-corruption investigations In 2008, Navalny invested 300,000 rubles in stocks of five oil and gas companies: Rosneft, Gazprom, Gazprom Neft, Lukoil, and Surgutneftegas, thus becoming an activist shareholder.[31] As such, he began to aim at making the financial assets of these companies transparent. This is required by law, but there are allegations that high-level managers of these companies are involved in theft and resisting transparency.[151]

In November 2010, Navalny published[152] confidential documents about Transneft's auditing. According to Navalny's blog, about US$4 billion were stolen by Transneft's leaders during the construction of the Eastern Siberia''Pacific Ocean oil pipeline.[153][154] In December, Navalny announced the launch of the RosPil [ru] project, which seeks to bring to light corrupt practices in the government procurement process.[155] The project takes advantage of existing procurement regulation that requires all government requests for tender to be posted online. Information about winning bids must be posted online as well. The name RosPil is a pun on the slang term "ÑасÐиÐ>>" (literally "sawing"),[156] implying the embezzlement of state funds.[157]

In May 2011, Navalny launched RosYama (literally "Russian Hole"), a project that allowed individuals to report potholes and track government responses to complaints.[158] In August, Navalny published papers related to a scandalous real estate deal[159] between the Hungarian and Russian governments.[160][161] According to the papers, Hungary sold a former embassy building in Moscow for US$21 million to an offshore company of Viktor Vekselberg, who immediately resold it to the Russian government for US$116 million. The property's real value was estimated at US$52 million. Irregularities in the paper trail implied collusion. Three Hungarian officials responsible for the deal were detained in February 2011.[162]

In February 2012, Navalny concluded that Russian federal money going to Ramzan Kadyrov's Chechen Interior Ministry was being spent "in a totally shadowy and fraudulent way."[163] In May, Navalny accused Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov of corruption, stating that companies owned by Roman Abramovich and Alisher Usmanov had transferred tens of millions of dollars to Shuvalov's company, allowing Shuvalov to share in the profit from Usmanov's purchase of the British steel company Corus. Navalny posted scans of documents to his blog showing the money transfers.[164] Usmanov and Shuvalov stated the documents Navalny had posted were legitimate, but that the transaction had not violated Russian law. "I unswervingly followed the rules and principles of conflict of interest," said Shuvalov. "For a lawyer, this is sacred".[165] In July, Navalny posted documents on his blog allegedly showing that Alexander Bastrykin, head of the Investigative Committee of Russia, owned an undeclared business in the Czech Republic. The posting was described by the Financial Times as Navalny's "answering shot" for having had his emails leaked during his arrest in the previous month.[50]

The Levada Center survey showed that 58% of surveyed Russians supported the 2017 Russian protests against government corruption.[166]In August 2018, Navalny alleged that Viktor Zolotov stole at least US$29 million from procurement contracts for the National Guard of Russia. Shortly after his allegations against Zolotov, Navalny was imprisoned for staging protests in January 2018. Subsequently, Viktor Zolotov published a video message on 11 September challenging Navalny to a duel and promising to make "good, juicy mincemeat" of him.[167][168]

Medvedev In March 2017, Navalny published the investigation He Is Not Dimon to You, accusing Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev of corruption. The authorities either ignored the accusation or argued that it was made by a "convicted criminal" and not worth comment. On 26 March, Navalny organised a series of anti-corruption rallies in cities across Russia. In some cities, the rallies were sanctioned by authorities, but in others, including Moscow and Saint Petersburg, they were not allowed. The Moscow police said that 500 people had been detained, but according to the human-rights group OVD-Info, 1,030 people were detained in Moscow alone, including Navalny himself.[169][170] On 27 March, he was fined 20,000 rubles minimum for organising an illegal protest, and jailed for 15 days for resisting arrest.[171]

Putin Navalny and his team organised around 90 "He's Not Our Tsar" protests across Russia in May 2018.[172]On 19 January 2021, two days after he was detained by Russian authorities upon his return to Russia, an investigation by Navalny and the FBK was published accusing President Vladimir Putin of using fraudulently obtained funds to build a massive estate for himself near the town of Gelendzhik in Krasnodar Krai, in what he called "the world's biggest bribe". The estate was first reported on in 2010 after the businessman Sergei Kolesnikov, who was involved in the project, gave details about it. According to Navalny, the estate is 39 times the size of Monaco, with the Federal Security Service (FSB) owning 70 square kilometers of land around the palace, and the estate cost over 100 billion rubles ($1.35 billion) to construct.[173] It also showed aerial footage of the estate via a drone, and a detailed floorplan of the palace that Navalny and the FBK said was given by a contractor, which was compared to photographs from inside the palace that were leaked onto the Internet in 2011. Using the floorplan, computer-generated visualisations of the palace interior were also shown.[9]

There are impregnable fences, its own port, its own security, a church, its own permit system, a no-fly zone, and even its own border checkpoint. It is absolutely a separate state within Russia.[9]

'--'ŠAlexei Anatolievich Navalny

This investigation also detailed an elaborate corruption scheme allegedly involving Putin's inner circle that allowed Putin to hide billions of dollars to build the estate. Navalny's team also said that it managed to confirm reporting about Putin's alleged lovers Svetlana Krivonogikh and Alina Kabaeva.[9][174][175][176] Navalny's video on YouTube garnered over 20 million views in less than a day, and over 92 million after a week. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov in a press conference called the investigation a "scam" and said that citizens should "think before transferring money to such crooks".[177]

Putin denied ownership of the palace and the oligarch Arkady Rotenberg, Putin's childhood friend and judo partner, claimed ownership.[178][179]

Criminal cases Kirovles case Case Navalny in court as part of the Kirovles trial, 2013On 30 July 2012, the Investigative Committee charged Navalny with embezzlement. The committee stated that he had conspired to steal timber from Kirovles, a state-owned company in Kirov Oblast, in 2009, while acting as an adviser to Kirov's governor Nikita Belykh.[165][180] Investigators had closed a previous probe into the claims for lack of evidence.[181] Navalny was released on his own recognisance but instructed not to leave Moscow.[182]

Navalny described the charges as "weird" and unfounded.[183] He stated that authorities "are doing it to watch the reaction of the protest movement and of Western public opinion ... So far they consider both of these things acceptable and so they are continuing along this line".[165] His supporters protested before the Investigative Committee offices.[180]

In April 2013, Loeb & Loeb LLP[h] issued "An Analysis of the Russian Federation's prosecutions of Alexei Navalny", a paper detailing Investigative Committee accusations. The paper concludes that "the Kremlin has reverted to misuse of the Russian legal system to harass, isolate and attempt to silence political opponents".[184][185]

Conviction and release The Kirovles trial commenced in the city of Kirov on 17 April 2013.[186] On 18 July, Navalny was sentenced to five years in jail for embezzlement.[187] He was found guilty of misappropriating about 16 million rubles'[188] ($500,000) worth of lumber from a state-owned company.[189] The sentence read by the judge Sergey Blinov was textually the same as the request of the prosecutor, with the only exception that Navalny was given five years, and the prosecution requested six years.[190]

"Enough of fake cases". The protest against the verdict in Moscow, 18 July 2013Later that evening, the Prosecutor's Office appealed Navalny and Ofitserov jail sentences, arguing that until the higher court affirmed the sentence, the sentence was invalid. The next morning, the appeal was granted. Navalny and Ofitserov were released on 19 July, awaiting the hearings of the higher court.[191] The prosecutor's requested decision was described as "unprecedented" by experts.[who? ][192]

Probation The prison sentence was suspended by a court in Kirov on 16 October 2013, still being a burden for his political future.[193]

Review of the sentence On 23 February 2016, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that Russia had violated Navalny's right to a fair trial, and ordered the government to pay him 56,000 euros in legal costs and damages.[194]

On 16 November 2016, Russia's Supreme Court overturned the 2013 sentence, sending the verdict back to the Leninsky District Court in Kirov for review.[195]

On 8 February 2017, the Leninsky district court of Kirov repeated its sentence of 2013 and charged Navalny with a five-year suspended sentence.[123] Navalny announced that he will pursue the annulment of the sentence that clearly contradicts the decision of ECHR.[196][197]

Yves Rocher case and home arrest Case In 2008, Oleg Navalny made an offer to Yves Rocher Vostok, the Eastern European subsidiary of Yves Rocher between 2008 and 2012, to accredit Glavpodpiska, which was created by Navalny, with delivering duties. On 5 August, the parties signed a contract. To fulfill the obligations under the agreement, Glavpodpiska outsourced the task to sub-suppliers, AvtoSAGA and Multiprofile Processing Company (MPC). In November and December 2012, the Investigating Committee interrogated and questioned Yves Rocher Vostok. On 10 December, Bruno Leproux, general director of Yves Rocher Vostok, filed to the Investigative Committee, asking to investigate if the Glavpodpiska subscription company had damaged Yves Rocher Vostok, and the Investigative Committee initiated a case.[198]

The prosecution claimed Glavpodpiska embezzled money by taking duties and then redistributing them to other companies for lesser amounts of money, and collecting the surplus: 26.7 million rubles ($540,000) from Yves Rocher Vostok, and 4.4 million rubles from the MPC. The funds were claimed to be subsequently legalised by transferring them on fictitious grounds from a fly-by-night company to Kobyakovskaya Fabrika Po Lozopleteniyu, a willow weaving company founded by Navalny and operated by his parents.[199][200][201] The Navalnys denied the charges. The Navalny brothers' lawyers claimed the investigators "added phrases like 'bearing criminal intentions' to a description of regular entrepreneurial activity". According to Oleg Navalny's lawyer, Glavpodpiska did not just collect money, it controlled provision of means of transport, execution of orders, collected and expedited production to the carriers, and was responsible before clients for terms and quality of executing orders.[198]

None of the witnesses confirmed that there were any losses, except MPC CEO Sergei Shustov who said he had learned about his losses from an investigator and believed him without making audits. Both brothers and their lawyers claimed Alexei Navalny did not participate in the Glavpodpiska operations, and witnesses all stated they had never encountered Alexei Navalny in person before the trial.[198]

Home arrest and limitations Following the imputed violation of travel restrictions, Navalny was placed under house arrest and prohibited from communicating with anyone other than his family, lawyers, and investigators on 28 February 2014.[202][203] Navalny claimed the arrest was politically motivated, and he filed a complaint to the European Court of Human Rights. On 7 July, he declared the complaint had been accepted and given priority; the court compelled the Government of Russia to provide answers to a questionnaire.[204]

The home arrest, in particular, prohibited usage of the internet; however, new posts were released under his social media accounts after the arrest was announced. A 5 March post claimed the accounts were controlled by his Anti-Corruption Foundation teammates and his wife Yulia. On 13 March, his LiveJournal blog was blocked in Russia, because, according to the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology, and Mass Media (Roskomnadzor), "functioning of the given web page breaks the regulation of the juridical decision of the bail hearing of a citizen against whom a criminal case has been initiated".[205]

The home arrest was eased a number of times: On 21 August, Navalny was allowed to communicate with his co-defendants;[206] a journalist present in the courthouse at the moment confirmed Navalny was allowed to communicate with "anyone but the Yves Rocher case witnesses".[207] On 10 October, his right to communicate with the press was confirmed by another court, and he was allowed to make comments on the case in media (Navalny's plea not to prolong the arrest was, however, rejected).[208] On 19 December, he was allowed to mail correspondence to authorities and international courts. Navalny again pleaded not to prolong the arrest, but the plea was rejected again.[209]

Conviction The verdict was announced on 30 December 2014. Both brothers were found guilty of fraud against Multiprofile Processing Company (MPC) and Yves Rocher Vostok and money laundering, and were convicted under Articles 159.4 §§ 2 and 3 and 174.1 § 2 (a) and (b) of the Criminal Code.[210] Alexei Navalny was given 3 1 ' 2 years of suspended sentence, and Oleg Navalny was sentenced to 3 1 ' 2 years in prison and was arrested after the verdict was announced;[211] both had to pay a fine of 500,000 rubles and a compensation to the MPC of over 4 million rubles.[212] In the evening, several thousand protesters gathered in the center of Moscow. Navalny broke his home arrest to attend the rally and was immediately arrested by the police and brought back home.[213]

Both brothers filed complaints to the European Court of Human Rights: Oleg's was communicated and given priority; Alexei's was reviewed in the context of the previous complaint related to this case and the Government of Russia had been "invited to submit further observations".[214] The second instance within the country confirmed the verdict, only releasing Alexei from the responsibility to pay his fine. Both prosecutors and defendants were not satisfied with this decision.[212]

ECHR On 17 October 2017, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that Navalny's conviction for fraud and money laundering "was based on an unforeseeable application of criminal law and that the proceedings were arbitrary and unfair." The Court found that the domestic court's decisions had been arbitrary and manifestly unreasonable. ECHR found the Russian courts' decisions violated articles 6 and 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights.[215][216] On 15 November 2018, the Grand Chamber upheld the decision.[217]

Indemnification After the Yves Rocher case, Navalny had to pay a compensation of 4.4 million rubles. He declared the case was "a frame up", but he added he would pay the sum as this could affect granting his brother's parole.[218] On 7 October 2015, Alexei's lawyer announced the defendant willingly paid 2.9 million and requested an installment plan for the rest of the sum.[219] The request was granted, except the term was contracted from the requested five months to two,[220] and a part of the sum declared paid (900,000 rubles; arrested from Navalny's banking account) was not yet received by the police; the prosecutors declared that may happen because of inter-process delays.[221]

Later that month, Kirovles sued Navalny for the 16.1 million rubles' declared pecuniary injury; Navalny declared he had not expected the suit, as Kirovles did not initiate it during the 2012''2013 trial. On 23 October, a court resolved the said sum should be paid by the three defendants.[222] The court denied the defendants' motion 14.7 million had already been paid by that point; the verdict and the payment sum were justified by a ruling by a Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.[223] Navalny declared he could not cover the requested sum; he called the suit a "drain-dry strategy" by authorities.[222]

Other cases In late December 2012, the Investigative Committee of Russia asserted that Allekt, an advertising company headed by Navalny, defrauded the Union of Right Forces (SPS) political party in 2007 by taking 100 million rubles ($3.2 million) payment for advertising and failing to honor its contract. If charged and convicted, Navalny could be jailed for up to 10 years. Leonid Gozman, a former SPS official, was quoted as saying: "Nothing of the sort happened'--he committed no robbery". Earlier in December, as reported by the BBC, "the Investigative Committee charged ... Navalny and his brother Oleg with embezzling 55 million rubles ($1.76 million) in 2008''2011 while working in a postal business." Navalny, who denied the allegations in the two previous cases, sought to laugh off news of the third inquiry with a tweet stating "Fiddlesticks".[224] In April 2020, Yandex search engine started artificially placing negative commentary about Navalny on the top positions in its search results for his name.[225] Yandex declared this was part of an "experiment" and returned to presenting organic search results.[226][227][228]

Navalny alleged that Russian billionaire and businessman Yevgeny Prigozhin was linked to a company called Moskovsky Shkolnik (Moscow schoolboy) that had supplied poor quality food to schools which had caused a dysentery outbreak.[229][230] In April 2019, Moskovsky Shkolnik filed a lawsuit against Navalny. In October 2019, the Moscow Arbitration Court ordered Navalny to pay 29.2 million rubles. Navalny said that "Cases of dysentery were proven using documents. But it's us that has to pay."[231] By April 2019, Navalny had won six complaints against Russian authorities in the ECHR for a total of '‚¬225,000.[232] Prigozhin was quoted by the press service of his catering company Concord Management and Consulting on 25 August 2020 as saying that he intended to enforce a court decision that required Navalny, his associate Lyubov Sobol and his Anti-Corruption Foundation to pay 88 million rubles in damages to the Moskovsky Shkolnik company over a video investigation.[233]

Poisoning and recovery On 20 August 2020, Navalny fell ill during a flight from Tomsk to Moscow and was hospitalised in the Emergency City Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Omsk (Ð'оÑодская кÐ>>иническая боÐ>>ьница скоÑой медицинской Ðомощи '–1 ), where the plane had made an emergency landing. The change in his condition on the plane was sudden and violent, and video footage showed crewmembers on the flight scurrying towards him as he screamed loudly.[234] Later, he said that he was not screaming from pain, but from the knowledge that he was dying.[235]

Navalny's spokeswoman, Kira Yarmysh, later said that he was in a coma and on a ventilator in the Omsk hospital. She also said that since he arose that morning, Navalny had consumed nothing but a cup of tea, acquired at the airport. It was initially suspected that something was mixed into his drink, and physicians stated that a "toxin mixed into a hot drink would be rapidly absorbed". The hospital said that he was in a stable but serious condition. Although staff initially acknowledged that Navalny had probably been poisoned, after numerous police personnel appeared outside Navalny's room, the medical staff was less forthcoming. The Omsk hospital's deputy chief physician later told reporters that poisoning was "one scenario among many" being considered.[234]

A plane was sent from Germany to evacuate Navalny from Russia for treatment at the Charit(C) Hospital in Berlin. Although the doctors treating him in Omsk initially declared he was too sick to be transported,[236] they later released him.[237][238] On 24 August, the doctors in Germany made an announcement, confirming that Navalny had been poisoned with a cholinesterase inhibitor.[239]

Ivan Zhdanov, chief of Navalny's Anti-Corruption Foundation, said that Navalny could have been poisoned because of one of the foundation's investigations.[229] On 2 September, the German government announced that Navalny was poisoned with a Novichok nerve agent, from the same family of nerve agents that was used to poison Sergei Skripal and his daughter. International officials said that they had obtained "unequivocal proof" from toxicology tests, and have called on the Russian government for an explanation.[240][241][242] On 7 September, German doctors announced that he was out of the coma.[243] On 15 September, Navalny's spokeswoman said that Navalny would return to Russia.[244]

On 17 September, Navalny's team said that traces of the nerve agent used to poison Navalny was detected on an empty water bottle from his hotel room in Tomsk, suggesting that he was possibly poisoned before leaving the hotel.[245] On 23 September, Navalny was discharged from hospital after his condition had sufficiently improved.[246] On 6 October, OPCW confirmed presence of cholinesterase inhibitor from the Novichok group in Navalny's blood and urine samples.[247][248][249]

On 14 December, a joint investigation by The Insider and Bellingcat in co-operation with CNN and Der Spiegel was published, which implicated agents from Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB) in Navalny's poisoning.[250][251][252] The investigation detailed a special unit of the FSB, which specialises in chemical substances, and the investigators then tracked members of the unit, using telecom and travel data. According to the investigation, Navalny was under surveillance by a group of operatives from the unit for 3 years and there may have been earlier attempts to poison Navalny.[253][254][255][256] In an interview with Spanish newspaper El Pa­s, Navalny said that "It is difficult for me to understand exactly what is going on in [Putin's] mind. ... 20 years of power would spoil anyone and make them crazy. He thinks he can do whatever he wants."[257]

On 21 December 2020, Navalny released a video showing him impersonating a Russian security official and speaking over the phone with a man identified by some investigative news media as a chemical weapons expert named Konstantin Kudryavtsev. During the call, he revealed that the poison had been placed on Navalny's clothing, particularly in his underwear, and that Navalny would have died if not for the plane's emergency landing and quick response from an ambulance crew on the runway.[258]

In January 2021, Bellingcat, The Insider and Der Spiegel linked the unit that tracked Navalny to other deaths, including activists Timur Kuashev in 2014 and Ruslan Magomedragimov in 2015, and politician Nikita Isayev in 2019.[259] In February, another joint investigation found that Russian opposition politician Vladimir Kara-Murza was followed by the same unit before his suspected poisonings.[260]

The European Union, United Kingdom and United States responded to the poisoning by imposing sanctions on senior Russian officials.[261][262][263][264]

Imprisonment Approximate aircraft route of flight DP936 taken by Alexei Navalny, on 17 January 2021, showing its deviation

On 17 January 2021, Navalny returned to Russia by plane from Germany, arriving at Sheremetyevo International Airport in Moscow after the flight was diverted from Vnukovo Airport. At passport control, he was detained. The Federal Penitentiary Service (FSIN) confirmed his detention and said that he would remain in custody until the court hearing.[265] Prior to his return, the FSIN had said that Navalny might face jail time upon his arrival in Moscow for violating the terms of his probation by leaving Russia, saying it would be "obliged" to detain him once he returned;[266] in 2014, Navalny received a suspended sentence in the Yves Rocher case, which he called politically motivated and in 2017, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that Navalny was unfairly convicted.[267][268] Amnesty International declared Navalny to be a prisoner of conscience and called on the Russian authorities to release him.[269]

A court decision on 18 January 2021 ordered the detention of Navalny until 15 February for violating his parole.[270][271][266] A makeshift court was set up in the police station where Navalny was being held. Another hearing would later be held to determine whether his suspended sentence should be replaced with a jail term.[272] Navalny described the procedure as "ultimate lawlessness" and called on his supporters to take to the streets.[273] The next day, while in jail, an investigation by Navalny and the FBK was published accusing President Vladimir Putin of corruption.[274] The investigation and his arrest led to mass protests across Russia beginning on 23 January 2021.[275][276]

Protest in support of Navalny in St. Petersburg, 23 January 2021A Moscow court on 2 February 2021 replaced Navalny's three and a half-year suspended sentence with a prison sentence, minus the amount of time he spent under house arrest, meaning he would spend over two and half years in a corrective labour colony.[277][278][279][280][281][excessive citations ] The verdict was condemned by the governments of the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France and others as well as the EU.[279][282][283][284][285][286][excessive citations ] Immediately after the verdict was announced, protests in a number of Russian cities were held and met with a harsh police crackdown.[287] Navalny later returned to court for a trial on slander charges, where he was accused of defaming a World War II veteran who took part in a promotional video backing the constitutional amendments last year. The case was launched in June 2020 after Navalny called those who took part in the video "corrupt lackeys" and "traitors". Navalny called the case politically motivated and accused authorities of using the case to smear his reputation. Although the charge is punishable by up to two years in prison if proven, his lawyer said that Navalny cannot face a custodial sentence because the law was changed to make it a jailable offence after the alleged crime had taken place.[288][289]

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 16 February 2021 that the Russian government should release Navalny immediately, with the court saying that the resolution was made in "regard to the nature and extent of risk to the applicant's life". Navalny's lawyers had applied to the court for an "interim measure" for his release on 20 January 2021 after his detention. However Russian officials indicated that they would not comply with the decision. Justice Minister Konstantin Chuychenko called the measure a "flagrant intervention in the operation of a judicial system of a sovereign state" as well as "unreasonable and unlawful", claiming that it did not "contain any reference to any fact or any norm of the law, which would have allowed the court to take this decision". In December 2020, a series of laws were also passed and signed that gave the constitution precedence over rulings made by international bodies as well international treaties.[290][291][292][293] A few days later, a Moscow court rejected Navalny's appeal and upheld his prison sentence, however it reduced his sentence by six weeks after deciding to count his time under house arrest as part of his time served. Another court convicted Navalny on slander charges against the World War II veteran, fining him 850,000 rubles ($11,500).[294]

Protest in support of Navalny in Moscow, 21 April 2021A resolution by the ECHR called for his release.[295]

Navalny was reported on 28 February 2021 to have recently arrived at the Pokrov correctional colony in Vladimir Oblast, a prison where Dmitry Demushkin and Konstantin Kotov were also jailed.[296][297][298] In early March 2021, the European Union and United States imposed sanctions on senior Russian officials in response to Navalny's poisoning and imprisonment.[264]

In March 2021, Navalny in a formal complaint accused authorities of torture by depriving him of sleep, where authorities consider him a flight risk. Navalny told lawyers that guards wake him up eight times a night announcing to a camera that he was in his prison cell. A lawyer of Navalny said that he was suffering from health problems, including a loss of sensation in his spine and legs, and that prison authorities denied Navalny's requests for a civilian physician, claiming his health was "satisfactory".[299][300] On 31 March 2021, Navalny announced a hunger strike to demand proper medical treatment.[301] On 6 April 2021, six doctors, including Navalny's personal physician, Anastasia Vasilyeva, and two CNN correspondents, were arrested outside the prison when they attempted to visit Navalny whose health significantly deteriorated.[302][303] On 7 April 2021, Navalny's attorneys claimed he had suffered two spinal disc herniations and had lost feeling in his hands, prompting criticism from the U.S. government.[304][305] Agn¨s Callamard, Secretary General of Amnesty International accused Vladimir Putin of slowly killing Alexei Navalny through torture and inhumane treatment in prison.[306][307] He also complained that he was not allowed to read newspapers or have any books including a copy of the Quran that he planned to study.[308]

On 17 April 2021, it was reported that Navalny was in immediate need of medical attention. Navalny's personal doctor Anastasia Vasilyeva and three other doctors, including cardiologist Yaroslav Ashikhmin, asked prison officials to grant them immediate access, stating on social media that "our patient can die any minute", due to an increased risk of a fatal cardiac arrest or kidney failure "at any moment".[309][310] Test results obtained by Navalny's lawyers showed heightened levels of potassium in the blood, which can bring on cardiac arrest, and sharply elevated creatinine levels, indicating impaired kidneys. Navalny's results showed blood potassium levels of 7.1 mmol (millimoles) per liter; blood potassium levels higher than 6.0 mmol per liter usually require immediate treatment.[311][312] Later that night, an open letter, addressed to Putin and open for Russian citizens to sign, was signed and published by 11 politicians representing several regional parliaments, demanding an independent doctor be allowed to visit Navalny, and for a review and cancellation of all of his criminal cases. "We regard what is happening in relation to Navalny as an attempt on the life of a politician, committed out of personal and political hatred," said the letter, "You, the President of the Russian Federation, personally bear responsibility for the life of Alexey Navalny on the territory of the Russian Federation, including in prison facilities '' [you bear this responsibility] to Navalny himself, to his relatives, and to the whole world."[313] Among the signatories were chairman of the Pskov Oblast branch of the Yabloko party, the deputy of the regional assembly Lev Schlossberg, the deputy from Karelia, the ex-chairman of Yabloko Emilia Slabunova, and the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Yevgeny Stupin.[314]

The following day, his daughter called on Russian prison authorities to let her father be checked by doctors in a tweet[315] written from Stanford University, where she is a student. Prominent celebrities such as J.K. Rowling and Jude Law also addressed a letter[316] to Russian authorities asking to provide Navalny with proper medical treatment.[317][318] U.S. president Joe Biden called his treatment "totally unfair" and National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan said that the Kremlin had been warned "that there will be consequences if Mr. Navalny dies."[319] The European Union's head diplomat Josep Borrell stated that the organisation held the Russian government accountable for Navalny's health conditions. The president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, also expressed her concern for his health.[320] However, Russian authorities rebuked such concerns by foreign countries. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said that Russian prison officials are monitoring Navalny's health, not the president.[321]

On 19 April 2021, Navalny was moved from prison to a hospital for convicts, according to the Russian prison service,[322][320] for "vitamin therapy".[321] On 23 April 2021, Navalny announced that he was ending his hunger strike on advice of his doctors and as he felt his demands had been partially met.[323][324] As of June 2021[update], his newspapers were still being censored as articles were cut out.[325]

Designation as extremist On 16 April 2021, the Moscow prosecutor office requested the Moscow City Court to designate organisations linked to Navalny including the FBK and his headquarters as extremist organisations, claiming: "Under the disguise of liberal slogans, these organisations are engaged in creating conditions for the destabilisation of the social and socio-political situation."[326] In response, Navalny aide Leonid Volkov stated: "Putin has just announced full-scale mass political repression in Russia."[327]

On 26 April 2021, Moscow's prosecutor office ordered Navalny's network of regional offices, including those of the FBK, to cease its activities, pending a court ruling on whether to designate them as extremist organisations. Volkov explained that it will limit many of the group's activities as prosecutors seek to label the Foundation as "extremists".[328][329] The move was condemned by Germany as well as Amnesty International, which, in a statement, said: "The objective is clear: to raze Alexei Navalny's movement to the ground while he languishes in prison."[330] On 29 April 2021, Navalny's team announced that the political network would be dissolved, in advance of a court ruling in May expected to designate it as extremist.[331] According to Volkov, the headquarters would be transformed into independent political organisations "which will deal with investigations and elections, public campaigns and rallies".[332] On the same day, his allies said that a new criminal case had been opened against Navalny, for allegedly setting up a non-profit organisation that infringed on the rights of citizens.[333] The next day, the leader of Team 29, Ivan Pavlov, who also represents Navalny's team in the extremism case, was detained in Moscow.[334] On 30 April, the financial monitoring agency added Navalny's regional campaign offices to a list of "terrorists and extremists."[335] On 20 May, the head of the Russian prison system and Navalny's ally Ivan Zhdanov reported that Navalny had "more or less" recovered and that his health was generally satisfactory.[336] On 7 June, Navalny was returned to prison after fully recovering from the effects of the hunger strike.[337]

On 9 June 2021, Navalny's political network, including his headquarters and the FBK, were designated as extremist organisations and liquidated by the Moscow City Court.[338][339] Vyacheslav Polyga, judge of Moscow City Court, upheld the administrative claim of the prosecutor of Moscow city Denis Popov and, rejecting all the petitions of the defense, decided[340] to recognise Anti-Corruption Foundation as extremist organisation, to liquidate it and to confiscate its assets; similar decision had been taken against Citizens' Rights Protection Foundation; the activity of the Alexei Navalny staff was prohibited (case No.3а-1573/2021).[341] Case hearing was held in camera because, as indicated by advocate Ilia Novikov, the case file including the text of the administrative claim was classified as state secret.[342] According to advocate Ivan Pavlov, Navalny was not the party to the proceedings and the judge refused to give him such status; at the hearing, the prosecutor stated that defendants are extremist organisations because they want the change of power in Russia and they promised to help participants of the protest with payment of administrative and criminal fines and with making a complaints to the European Court of Human Rights.[343] On 4 August 2021, First Appellate Ordinary Court in Moscow upheld the decision of the court of first instance (case No.66а-3553/2021) and this decision entered into force that day.[344] On 28 December 2021, it was reported that Anti-Corruption Foundation, Citizens' Rights Protection Foundation and 18 natural persons including Alexei Navalny filed a cassation appeals to the Second Cassation Ordinary Court.[345] On 25 March 2022, the Second Cassation Ordinary Court rejected all cassation appeals and upheld the judgements of lower courts (case No.8а-5101/2022).[346]

In October 2021, Navalny said that the Russian prison commission designated him as a "terrorist" and "extremist", but that he was no longer regarded as a flight risk.[347] In January 2022, Russia added him and his aides to the "terrorists and extremists" list.[348][349] On 28 June 2022, Navalny lost his appeal on being designated as "extremist" and "terrorist".[350]

Interior of the replica solitary confinement cell for Navalny, called shizo. Geneva June 2023Later charges In February 2022, Alexei Navalny faced an additional 10 to 15 years in prison in a new trial on fraud and contempt of court charges.[351][352] The charges alleged that he stole $4.7m (£3.5m) of donations given to his political organisations and insulted a judge.[353][352] He was tried in a makeshift courtroom in the corrective colony at which he was imprisoned.[354] Amnesty International independently analysed the trial materials calling the charges "arbitrary" and "politically motivated".[355]

On 21 February 2022, prosecution witness Fyodor Gorozhanko refused to testify against Navalny in the trial, stating that investigators had "pressured" him to testify to the information they wanted and that he did not believe Navalny had committed any crimes.[356] On 24 February, during his trial, Navalny condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine that began that day and asked the court to include his statement to the trial's protocol. He said that it would "lead to a huge number of victims, destroyed futures, and the continuation of this line of impoverishment of the citizens of Russia." He called the war a distraction to the population to "divert their attention from problems that exist inside the country".[357]

On 22 March 2022, Navalny was found guilty of contempt of court and embezzlement and given a 9-year sentence in a maximum-security prison; he was also ordered to pay a fine of 1.2 million rubles (approx. $13,000).[358] Amnesty International described the trial as a "sham".[10]

On 17 May 2022, Navalny opened an appeal process against the sentence; the court said the process would resume on 24 May after Navalny requested to postpone the hearing to have a family meeting before being transferred.[359] On 24 May, the Moscow City Court upheld the judgement of the court of first instance.[360]

On 31 May 2022, Navalny said that he was officially notified about new charges of extremism brought against him, in which he was facing up to an additional 15 years in prison.[361]

In mid-June 2022, Navalny was transferred to the maximum security prison IK-6 in Melekhovo, Vladimir Oblast.[362][363]

On 11 July 2022, Navalny announced the relaunch of his Anti-Corruption Foundation as an international organisation with an advisory board including his wife Yulia Navalnaya, Guy Verhofstadt, Anne Applebaum, and Francis Fukuyama; Navalny also stated that the first contribution to Anti-Corruption Foundation International would be the Sakharov Prize ($50,000) that was awarded to him.[364]

On 7 September 2022, Navalny said that he had been placed in solitary confinement for the fourth time in just over a month, after just being released. He linked his recent treatment to his attempts to establish a labour union in his penal colony and his "6000" list of individuals he has called to be sanctioned.[365] The next day, he said that his attorney-client privilege was revoked with prison authorities accusing him of continuing to commit crimes from prison.[366]

FreeNavalny rally in Berlin on Navalny's 47th birthday, 4 June 2023. Some protesters have a White-blue-white flag.On 4 October 2022, allies of Navalny said they were relaunching his regional political network to fight the mobilization and war.[367]

On 17 November 2022, Navalny stated that he was now in permanent solitary confinement. Infractions besides the attempt to start a labour union among the prisoners were that he did not button his collar, did not clean the prison yard well enough, and that he addressed a prison official by his military rank rather than his patronymic.[368]

On 10 January 2023, over 400 doctors in Russia signed an open letter to president Putin demanding that prison authorities "stop abusing" Navalny, after it became known that he fell ill with flu in solitary confinement and his lawyers were not allowed to give him basic medication.[369] Less than a month later, Navalny was transferred to an isolated punishment cell, a stricter form of imprisonment reserved for those who violate prison rules, for the maximum term of six months.[370][371]

On 4 August 2023, Navalny was sentenced to an additional 19 years in a "special regime" colony on charges including publicly inciting extremist activity, financing extremist activity, and "rehabilitating Nazi ideology"; the Moscow City Court found him guilty on all charges in a closed-doors trial.[372] In a social media post published the previous day, Navalny stated that he had expected to be given a "Stalinist" sentence and called on supporters to fight against corruption.[373] According to his lawyers, following this latest sentencing, Navalny would have been released in December 2038.[374]

On 13 October 2023, three of his lawyers, Vadim Kobzev, Igor Sergunin and Alexei Liptser, were detained on charges about participating in an "extremist group". Navalny commented that "Just like in Soviet times, not only political activists are being prosecuted and turned into political prisoners, but their lawyers, too".[375]

In IK-3 "special regime" colony Kharp and IK-3On 11 December 2023, Navalny's aides revealed that they had not had any contact with Navalny for six days. According to their statements, he was removed from the penal colony where he had been imprisoned and his current whereabouts are not known. The disappearance came after Navalny was sentenced to an additional 19 years in August and the beginning of campaigning for the 2024 Russian presidential election, which Putin recently announced his candidacy for. Navalny's aides had been preparing for his transfer to a "special regime" colony (the harshest grade in Russia's prison system).[376] His last known whereabouts was the IK-6 prison camp in Vladimir Oblast, where on 15 December staff commented that Navalny had left the facility and was being moved to a different prison.[377][378] On 25 December 2023 he was discovered to be in the IK-3 "special regime" colony, known as "Polar Wolf", in Kharp in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.[14][379][380] He remained there until his death on 16 February 2024.[381][382]

Political prisoner status Human Rights Centre Memorial recognised Navalny as a political prisoner in 2021.[383][384] PACE also considered Navalny a political prisoner.[385]

Death Memorial after Navalny's death in Bremen, GermanyOn 16 February 2024, the Federal Penitentiary Service announced that Navalny had died at the prison in Yamalo-Nenets in Western Siberia after taking a walk and feeling unwell that morning. He reportedly died at 2:17 p.m. The prison statement stated: "All necessary resuscitation measures were carried out but did not yield positive results... The paramedics confirmed the death of the convict."[382][386] Kira Yarmysh, Navalny's spokeswoman, confirmed his death the following day, and demanded his body to be returned to his family.[387] Prior to his death, Navalny had been treated in a hospital after complaining of malnourishment and other ailments due to mistreatment in the prison.[388]

Reception Political activities Navalny, his wife Yulia and Russian opposition politician Ilya Yashin, 12 June 2013In October 2010, Navalny was the winner of an online poll for the mayor of Moscow, held by Kommersant and Gazeta.Ru.[389][390] He received about 30,000 votes, or 45%, with the closest rival being "Against all candidates" with some 9,000 votes (14%), followed by former First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Boris Nemtsov with 8,000 votes (12%) out of a total of about 67,000 votes.[391]

The reaction to Navalny's actual mayoral election result in 2013, where he came second, was mixed: Nezavisimaya Gazeta declared, "The voting campaign turned a blogger into a politician",[97] and following an October 2013 Levada Center poll that showed Navalny made it to the list of potential presidential candidates among Russians, receiving a rating of 5%, Konstantin Kalachev, the leader of the Political Expert Group, declared 5% was not the limit for Navalny, and unless something extraordinary happened, he could become "a pretender for a second place in the presidential race".[392] On the other hand, The Washington Post published a column by Milan Svolik that stated the election was fair so the Sobyanin could show a clean victory, demoralising the opposition, which could otherwise run for street protests.[393] Putin's press secretary Dmitry Peskov stated on 12 September, "His momentary result cannot testify his political equipment and does not speak of him as of a serious politician".[394]

When referring to Navalny, Putin never actually pronounced his name in public, referring to him as a "mister" or the like;[395][394] Julia Ioffe took it for a sign of weakness before the opposition politician,[396] and Peskov later stated Putin never pronounced his name in order not to "give [Navalny] a part of his popularity".[397] In July 2015, Bloomberg's sources "familiar with the matter" declared there was an informal prohibition from the Kremlin for senior Russian officials from mentioning Navalny's name.[398] Peskov rejected the assumption there is such a ban; however, in doing so, he did not mention Navalny's name either.[399]

Ratings Rally concert in support of Navalny, 6 September 2013In a 2013 Levada Center poll, Navalny's recognition among the Russian population stood at 37%.[400] Out of those who were able to recognise Navalny, 14% would either "definitely" or "probably" support his presidential run.[401]

The Levada Center also conducted another survey, which was released on 6 April 2017, showing Navalny's recognition among the Russian population at 55%.[402] Out of those who recognised Navalny, 4% would "definitely" vote for him and 14% would "probably" vote for him in the presidential election.[402] In another poll carried out by the same pollster in August 2020, 4% of respondents said that they trusted Navalny the most (out of a list of politicians), an increase from 2% in the previous month.[403]

According to polls conducted by the Levada Center in September 2020, 20% of Russians approved of Navalny's activities, 50% disapproved, and 18% had never heard of him.[404] Out of those who were able to recognise Navalny, 10% said that they have "respect" for him, 8% had sympathy and 15% "could not say anything bad" about him. 31% were "neutral" towards him, 14% "could not say anything good" about him and 10% disliked him.[405][404]

Criminal cases During and after the Kirovles trial, a number of prominent people expressed support to Navalny and/or condemned the trial. The last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev called it "proof that we do not have independent courts".[406] Former Minister of Finance Alexei Kudrin stated that it was "looking less like a punishment than an attempt to isolate him from social life and the electoral process".[407] It was also criticised by novelist Boris Akunin,[408] and jailed Russian oligarch Mikhail Khodorkovsky, who called it similar to the treatment of political opponents during the Soviet era.[407]

Vladimir Zhirinovsky, leader of the nationalist LDPR, called the verdict "a direct warning to our 'fifth column'", and added, "This will be the fate of everyone who is connected with the West and works against Russia".[407] A variety of state officials condemned the verdict. United States Department of State Deputy Spokesperson Marie Harf stated that the United States was "very disappointed by the conviction and sentencing of opposition leader Aleksey Navalniy".[409] The spokesperson for European Union High Representative Catherine Ashton said that the outcome of the trial "raises serious questions as to the state of the rule of law in Russia".[407][410] Andreas Schockenhoff, Germany's Commissioner for German-Russian Coordination, stated, "For us, it's further proof of authoritarian policy in Russia, which doesn't allow diversity and pluralism".[411] The New York Times commented in response to the verdict that "President Vladimir Putin of Russia actually seems weak and insecure".[406]

The verdict in the case of Yves Rocher caused similar reactions. According to Alexei Venediktov, the verdict was "unfair", Oleg Navalny was taken "hostage", while Alexei was not jailed to avoid "furious reaction" from Putin, which was caused by the change of measure of restraint after the Kirovles trial.[412] A number of deputies appointed by United Russia and LDPR found the verdict too mild.[413] Experts interviewed by the BBC Russian Service expressed reactions close to the political positions their organisations generally stand on.[414] The spokesperson for EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini stated the same day that the sentence was likely to be politically motivated.[213]

Public opinion varied over time. According to Levada Center, 20% of people thought the Kirovles case had been caused by an actual violation of law, while 54% agreed the rationale beyond the case was his anti-corruption activity in May 2011. In May 2013, the shares of people who held these opinions were 28% and 47%, respectively. In September 2013, the shares were 35% and 45%. The organisation suggested this had been caused by corresponding coverage in media.[415] By September 2014, the percentages had undergone further changes, and equaled 37% and 38%.[416] The center also stated the share of those who found the result of another criminal case against him was unfair and Navalny was not guilty dropped from 13% in July 2013 to 5% in January 2015, and the number of those who found the verdict was too tough also fell from 17% to 9%. The share of those who found the verdict to be either fair or too mild was 26% in July 2013, and has exceeded 35% since September 2013.[416]

Political positions Navalny takes part in a march in memory of assassinated opposition politician Boris Nemtsov in Moscow, 29 February 2020.Navalny was described as "Putin's fiercest political opponent, using the street and the internet to expose secret palaces and to galvanise Russians who otherwise saw no alternative to the president."[417] Therefore, his political views were of significant public interest and covered in a number of publications.

Corruption A poster that won the Navalny contest entitled United Russia, a "party of crooks and thieves", 2011In February 2011, in an interview with the radio station finam.fm, Navalny called the main Russian party, United Russia, a "party of crooks and thieves".[418] In May 2011, the Russian government began a criminal investigation into Navalny, widely described in media as "revenge", and by Navalny himself as "a fabrication by the security services".[418][419][420] Meanwhile, "party of crooks and thieves" became a popular slogan among the opposition.[421]

Nationalism His views about Russian nationalism evolved over time. In 2011, Navalny stated that he considered himself a "nationalist democrat".[422][423] He previously participated in the "Russian march" from 2006, a parade uniting Russian nationalist groups of all stripes,[424][425][426] and was one of the co-organisers of the 2011 march.[427][428][425] Navalny has also called for ending federal subsidies to the "corrupt" and "ineffective" governments of Chechnya and other republics part of the North Caucasus.[424][429][430]

Immigration In 2007, Navalny co-founded the National Russian Liberation Movement, known as NAROD (The People), which sets immigration policy as a priority.[431] The movement allied itself with two nationalist groups, the Movement Against Illegal Immigration and Great Russia.[432] In the same year, he released several anti-immigration videos,[433][434][435][436] including one where he advocated the deportation of migrants.[437] In one of the videos, in which he advocates for gun rights, he compares militants from the Caucasus to cockroaches and mimics shooting one who attempts to "attack" him.[438][439] According to Leonid Volkov, Navalny later regretted making the 2007 video.[440]

In 2013, after ethnic riots in a Moscow district took place, which were sparked by a murder committed by a migrant, Navalny sympathised with the anti-immigration movement and commented that ethnic tensions and crimes are inevitable because of failing immigration policies by the state.[441][442] However, he later said that "The basis of my approach is that you have to communicate with nationalists and educate them... I think it's very important to explain to them that the problem of illegal immigration is not solved by beating up migrants but by other, democratic means".[443]

In a 2017 interview, Navalny declared support for regulated immigration from Central Asia, but did not see it as valuable.[444] In a 2020 interview, he reiterated support for regulated immigration.[445]

In 2021, Alexander Verkhovskiy, head of the Moscow-based SOVA hate crimes monitor, said that Navalny's statements on immigration were 'a long time ago' and that he was a 'different man'.[417]

Same-sex marriage In 2017, Leonid Volkov, Navalny's chief of staff, said that Navalny's team supports the legalisation of same-sex marriage.[446]

Foreign policy His views on foreign policy evolved over time.[440] Previously, Navalny was described as "shar[ing] the establishment view that Russia is entitled to a say in the domestic affairs of its post-Soviet neighbors", and supported the expansion of the Eurasian Economic Union. He also called on Russia to recognise and militarily support Abkhazia and South Ossetia in 2008, following the Russo-Georgian War.[447] He later apologized for his comments about Georgia.[440]

In June 2020, he spoke out in support of the Black Lives Matter protests against racism.[448][449]

Syria In 2016, Navalny spoke against the Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war, believing that there are internal problems in Russia that need to be dealt with rather than to get involved in foreign wars.[450] He also said Russia should not "try to save Assad, who represents a military junta", and said entering the war in the same side as the Shia Islamist Iran and Hezbollah stoked anger among Russia's predominantly Sunni Muslim community.[451]

Ukraine In early 2012, Navalny said he supports the independence of the Ukrainian state and that Russia, Ukraine and Belarus are "natural allies" who should enhance their economic and political integration.[452]

In March 2014, after Russia's annexation of Crimea, Navalny urged further sanctions against officials and businessmen linked to Putin and proposed his own list of sanctions, saying that previous US and EU sanctions were "mocked".[453] In October 2014, Navalny suggested that the fate of Crimea should be resolved by holding a new and fair referendum.[454] Navalny also said that Putin's government should stop "sponsoring the war" in Donbas.[454] Navalny has strongly criticised Vladimir Putin's policies in Ukraine: "Putin likes to speak about the 'Russian world' but he is actually making it smaller. In Belarus, they sing anti-Putin songs at football stadiums; in Ukraine they simply hate us. In Ukraine now, there are no politicians who do not have extreme anti-Russian positions. Being anti-Russian is the key to success now in Ukraine, and that is our fault".[455]

In 2018, after the establishment of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine, an event labelled as the ending of more than three centuries of Russian spiritual and temporal control of the dominant faith in Ukraine, Navalny tweeted: "What took centuries to create has been destroyed by Putin and his idiots in four years ... Putin is the enemy of the Russian World."[456][457]

In February 2022, Navalny compared the recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic by Russia to when Soviet leaders deployed troops to Afghanistan in 1979, describing both events as a distraction to the population from real issues. He said that he believes that while Putin will not allow Ukraine to develop, Russia will pay the same price, and that Putin needed to be removed to save Russia.[458]

On 2 March 2022, Navalny urged Russian citizens to stage daily protests against Russia's invasion of Ukraine, saying Russia should not be a "nation of frightened people" and "cowards who pretend not to notice the aggressive war" launched by "our insane tsar".[459][460][461]

If, to prevent war, we need to fill up the jails and police vans, we will fill up the jails and police vans. Everything has a price and now, in the spring of 2022, we should pay that price.

'--'ŠAlexei Navalny

On 5 April 2022, referring to war crimes that took place in Ukraine, Navalny said the "monstrosity of lies" in the Russian state media "is unimaginable. And, unfortunately, so is its persuasiveness for those who have no access to alternative information."[462] He tweeted that "warmongers" among Russian state media personalities "should be treated as war criminals. From the editors-in-chief to the talk show hosts to the news editors, [they] should be sanctioned now and tried someday."[463] The next month, Navalny called the invasion a "stupid war" based on lies.[464]

Navalny criticised the 2022 Russian mobilisation.[465] During a court hearing on 21 September, he said: "I don't understand one thing. The army has a million people, Rosgvardia has 350,000 people, the Interior Ministry has another million and a half or two million people, and the Federal Penitentiary Service is full of people. Why are they drafting civilians?"[466] In another court hearing two days later, Navalny said: "You won't shut my mouth with your ShIZO [punishment cell]. This is a crime against my country. I don't relate to it, and I won't be silent. I hope that everyone else who hears me will not be silent about it. Because what's happening now is much more terrible than any 12 or 112 days in a ShIZO [punishment cell]. This is a historic crime, this is involving hundreds of thousands of people in this crime".[467][468]

On 20 February 2023, he condemned Putin for "destroying" Russia's own future "just to make our country look bigger on the map" and said that Russia must end its occupation of Ukraine and recognise Ukraine's borders as they were established in 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Navalny also said Russia would have to pay post-war reparations to Ukraine and called for an international investigation into war crimes, saying: "Tens of thousands of innocent Ukrainians have been murdered and pain and suffering have befallen millions more."[469]

On 1 February 2024, Navalny and his allies called on supporters to protest President Vladimir Putin and the invasion of Ukraine during the third day of the 2024 Russian presidential election by all going to vote against Putin at the same time.[470]

Awards and honours Scenic viewpoint of Alexei Navalny in Prague, 2021Navalny was named "Person of the Year 2009" by Russian business newspaper Vedomosti[471][472] and by stock exchange observer Stock in Focus.[473]

On 22 April 2010, Navalny was awarded the Finance magazine prize in the nomination "for protecting the rights of minority shareholders".[474][475]

Navalny was a World Fellow at Yale University's World Fellows Program, aimed at "creating a global network of emerging leaders and to broaden international understanding" in 2010.[476]

In 2011, Foreign Policy magazine named Navalny to the FP Top 100 Global Thinkers, along with Daniel Domscheit-Berg and Sami Ben Gharbia of Tunisia, for "shaping the new world of government transparency".[477] FP picked him again in 2012.[478] He was listed by Time magazine in 2012 as one of the world's 100 most influential people, the only Russian on the list.[479] In 2013, Navalny came in at No. 48 among "world thinkers" in an online poll by the UK magazine Prospect.[480]

In 2015, Alexei and Oleg Navalny were chosen to receive the "Prize of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience 2015". According to the platform's statement, "The Members of the Platform have voted this year for the Navalny brothers, in recognition of their personal courage, struggle and sacrifices for upholding fundamental democratic values and freedoms in the Russian Federation today. By the award of the Prize, the Platform wishes to express its respect and support to Mr. Oleg Navalny whom the Platform considers a political prisoner, and to Mr. Alexei Navalny for his efforts to expose corruption, defend political pluralism and opposition to the mounting authoritarian regime in the Russian Federation".[481]

In June 2017, Navalny was included in Time ' s list of the World's 25 Most Influential People on the Internet.[482] In December 2017, he was named "Politician of the Year 2017" by Vedomosti.[483][484]

He was named "Politician of the Year 2019" by readers of Vedomosti.[485]

Navalny was nominated for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize by multiple Norwegian members of parliament.[486][487] An Internet petition to the Nobel Committee in support of Navalny's candidacy was signed by over 38,000 people.[488]

Following Navalny's imprisonment in February 2021, the Boris Nemtsov Foundation for Freedom awarded Navalny with the Boris Nemtsov Prize for Courage.[489] A scenic viewpoint of Alexei Navalny was also set in Prague in direct view from the Russian Embassy, near Boris Nemtsov Square in front of the Russian Embassy and the Anna Politkovskaya Promenade.[490][491]

On 8 June 2021, Navalny's daughter accepted the Moral Courage Award at the Geneva Summit for Human Rights and Democracy on behalf of her father. Navalny dedicated the prize to political prisoners.[492] In September 2021, Navalny was included in Time ' s list of the 100 most influential people. This was his second appearance on the list, having previously been included in 2012.[493]

In September 2021, he was awarded the Knight of Freedom Award conferred by the Casimir Pulaski Foundation.[494][495][496]

In October 2021, he received the Sakharov Prize, the European Parliament's annual human rights prize.[497] David Sassoli, the President of the European Parliament, announced that the award was to recognise that Navalny "has fought tirelessly against the corruption of Vladimir Putin's regime. This cost him his liberty and nearly his life".[498]

Later that same year, he also received a German prize for his efforts in sustaining freedom of expression '' the M100 Media Award.[499][496]

In 2023, the documentary film about him, Navalny, directed by Daniel Roher, won Best Documentary at the 76th British Academy Film Awards and Best Documentary Feature at the 95th Academy Awards.[500][501][502]

Family and personal life Navalny and his wife Yulia in 2013Navalny was married to Yulia Abrosimova and had two children, daughter Darya (Dasha) Navalnaya, who began undergraduate studies at Stanford University in September 2019, and son Zakhar.[503]

Starting 1998, he lived primarily in a three-room apartment in Maryino District in southeast Moscow.[504]

Navalny was originally an atheist, but later became a member of the Russian Orthodox Church. He has said that turning to the Orthodox church has made him feel a "part of something large and universal."[505]

On 17 January 2021, Navalny was again arrested as he was returning to Russia, after having had to leave the country for medical treatment in Germany for a poisoning attempt against his life that had recently occurred in Russia.[240] He remained incarcerated (initially in the IK-2 penal colony) and was housed in the IK-6 maximum security prison in Melekhovo, Vladimir Oblast.[506][507][354] Navalny was listed by Amnesty International (AI) as a prisoner of conscience in May 2021, meaning that AI held that Navalny's incarceration was primarily due to his political beliefs.[508]

In addition to his native Russian, Navalny also spoke English.[509][510][511]

Books and publications Opposing Forces: Plotting the New Russia (8 December 2016)[512]"Vladimir Putin: The 100 Most Influential People of 2022", Time 100, Time, 23 May 2022[513]See also 2017''2018 Russian protests2019 Moscow protests2021 Russian protestsList of designated prisoners of conscienceList of people who survived assassination attemptsList of solved missing person casesList of prison deathsExplanatory notes ^ Previously known as the People's Alliance (2012''2014) and the Progress Party (2014''2018) ^ Arrested and subsequently imprisoned ^ In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Anatolyevich and the family name is Navalny. ^ Sometimes transliterated as Alexey, Aleksei or Aleksey. ^ The Russian word "да" (da) means "yes". ^ Argued as following: "It is clearly stated in the preamble of our declaration that the Yabloko Party thoroughly and sharply opposes any national and racial discord and any xenophobia. However, in this case, when we know ... that the Constitution guarantees us the right to gather peacefully and without a weapon, we see that in these conditions the prohibition of the Russian March as it was announced, provokes the organisers to some activities that could end not so well. Thus we appeal to the Moscow City Hall ... for permission."[34] ^ Article 15, section 7: "Terms, as provided by sections 4 and 6 of the present article, are prolonged if a territorial body has passed a verdict of suspension of state registration of a regional branch of a political party, as provided by section 5.1 of the present article, or a verdict of denial of state registration of a regional branch of a political party has been challenged to a court and, as of the day of expiration of the said terms, has not gone into effect."[66] The following section is given as in force as on 2 April 2012 (the section had not changed by 1 May 2015). ^ Loeb & Loeb LLP, founded by Joseph P. Loeb et al.. 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Это ÐÑестуÐÐ>>ение ÐÑотив моей стÑаны" '-- Ð'аваÐ>>ьный выстуÐиÐ>> на суде". spektr.press. 23 September 2022. ^ "Ð'аваÐ>>ьноÐ"о в Ðятый Ñаз отÐÑавиÐ>>и в ÑтÑаÑной изоÐ>>ятоÑ. Ð'а этот Ñаз ÐосÐ>>е Ñечи о мобиÐ>>изации". BBC News Russian. 23 September 2022. ^ Cordell, Jake (20 February 2023). "Navalny: Putin's war has pushed Russia to 'rock bottom' ". BreakingNews.ie. ^ "Navalny Calls for Election Day Protest Against Putin, Ukraine Invasion". The Moscow Times. 1 February 2024. ^ "ПеÑсоны Ð"ода '' 2009: Частное Ð>>ицо Ð"ода" [Person of the Year 2009: Individual of the Year]. Vedomosti (in Russian). 30 December 2009. Archived from the original on 19 January 2010 . Retrieved 9 February 2011 . ^ "ПеÑсоны Ð"ода '' 2009: Частное Ð>>ицо Ð"ода" [Person of the Year 2009: Individual of the Year]. banki.ru. 30 December 2009 . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . ^ "Ðоветник киÑовскоÐ"о Ð"убеÑнатоÑа стаÐ>> чеÐ>>овеком Ð"ода" [Kirov Governor's Advisor became the person of the year]. Newsler.ru (in Russian). 22 December 2009 . Retrieved 3 September 2021 . ^ "Ð'овости Банка" [Bank News]. cfb.ru (in Russian). 26 April 2010 . Retrieved 6 September 2021 . ^ "РеÐоÑтаж с цеÑемонии вÑучения ежеÐ"одной ÐÑемии жуÑнаÐ>>а "Финанс." " [Report from the annual awards ceremony of the "Finance."]. finparty.ru (in Russian). 26 April 2010. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021 . Retrieved 6 September 2021 . ^ "The World Fellows: Alexey Navalny". Yale University. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011 . Retrieved 9 February 2011 . ^ "The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers". Foreign Policy. December 2011. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012 . Retrieved 28 November 2012 . ^ "The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers". Foreign Policy. 28 November 2012. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012 . Retrieved 28 November 2012 . ^ Kasparov, Garry (18 April 2012). "Alexei Navalny". Time. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012 . Retrieved 31 July 2012 . ^ "The results of Prospect's world thinkers poll". Prospect. April 2013. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013 . Retrieved 30 May 2013 . ^ "Alexei and Oleg Navalny to receive Prize of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience 2015 | Platform of European Memory and Conscience". MemoryandConscience.eu. 2 May 2015. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016 . Retrieved 27 December 2015 . ^ "The 25 Most Influential People on the Internet". Time. 26 June 2017. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019 . Retrieved 1 July 2017 . ^ ПоÐ>>итик Ð"ода '' оÐÐÐ¾Ð·Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½ÐµÑ ÐÐ>>ексей Ð'аваÐ>>ьный [Politician of the Year '' Oppositionist Alexei Navalny]. Vedomosti (in Russian). 28 December 2017 . Retrieved 4 March 2021 . ^ Karaulova, Olga (28 December 2017). ÐÐ'РРоссии: Ð'аваÐ>>ьный стаÐ>> ÐоÐ>>итиком Ð"ода [Russian media: Navalny became the politician of the year]. BBC News Русская ÐÐ>>ужба (in Russian). BBC Russian Service . Retrieved 4 March 2021 . ^ ÐÐецÐÑоект "ПеÑсона Ð"ода 2019" [Special project "Person of the Year 2019"]. Vedomosti (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 December 2019 . Retrieved 23 February 2021 . ^ "Flere fredsprisforslag f¸r fristen gikk ut". Aftenposten. Norwegian News Agency. 31 January 2021. ^ "Hektisk nomineringsaktivitet f¸r fredsprisfrist" [Hectic nomination activity before peace prize deadline]. Dagsavisen. 31 January 2021. ^ "Alexander Litvinenko's widow wants man standing up to Putin to get Nobel Prize". Metro. 27 January 2021 . Retrieved 5 February 2021 . ^ "Boris Nemtsov Prize for Courage-2021 awarded to Alexei Navalny". nemtsovfund.org. 27 February 2021 . Retrieved 1 March 2021 . ^ Å afhauser, Roman (5 February 2021). "Vyhl­dka Alexeje Navaln(C)ho, hls cedule v Praze. Nzev vÅak nen­ oficiln­" [Alexei Navalny's scenic viewpoint, the plaque says in Prague. However, the name is not official]. iDNES.cz (in Czech) . Retrieved 28 March 2021 . ^ Sojka, Libor (12 February 2021). "Alexei Navalny scenic viewpoint, Stromovka park, Prague". AP Images. Associated Press . Retrieved 28 March 2021 . ^ "Russia: Jailed Kremlin critic Navalny dedicates human rights award to political prisoners". Deutsche Welle. 8 June 2021 . Retrieved 8 June 2021 . ^ Kasparov, Garry (18 April 2012). "Alexei Navalny". Time . Retrieved 16 September 2021 . ^ "Alexey Navalny '' 2021 Knight of Freedom awardee". Casimir Pulaski Foundation. 30 September 2021 . Retrieved 7 October 2021 . ^ "Alexey Navalny '' 2021 Knight of Freedom awardee". Warsaw Security Forum. 30 September 2021 . Retrieved 7 October 2021 . ^ a b "Ð'аваÐ>>ьный стаÐ>> Ð>>ауÑеатом немецкой ÐÑемии за вкÐ>>ад в свободу ÐÐ'Ð" [Navalny is the recipient of the German Media Freedom Award]. Voice of America (in Russian). RFE/RL. 7 October 2021 . Retrieved 7 October 2021 . ^ Emmott, Robin (20 October 2021). "Kremlin critic Navalny wins EU rights prize for his "immense bravery" ". Reuters . Retrieved 20 October 2021 . ^ Suliman, Adela (20 October 2021). "Russia's Navalny awarded prestigious European human rights Sakharov Prize". The Washington Post . Retrieved 20 October 2021 . ^ "German Freedom of Expression Prize Goes to Navalny". The Moscow Times. Agence France-Presse. 7 October 2021 . Retrieved 7 October 2021 . ^ "BAFTA Film Awards 2023: The full list of winners". Sky News . Retrieved 21 February 2023 . ^ "Oscars 2023: the full list of winners". The Guardian. 12 March 2023. ^ Wright, George (2023). "Navalny's life and future death captured in Oscar-winning documentary". bbc.co.uk. BBC. "We don't realise how strong we actually are. The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good people to do nothing. So don't be inactive." ^ Navalnaya, Daria (27 June 2019). "What It's Like to Be a Teenager in Putin's Russia" . The New York Times. Archived from the original on 18 May 2020 . Retrieved 11 July 2020 . ^ "Biography". Navalny.com 2018. 2018. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020 . Retrieved 11 July 2020 . ^ "The Akunin-Navalny interviews (part I)". Open Democracy. Archived from the original on 22 October 2019. ^ Muniz, Liliana (15 June 2022). "Alexei Navalny moved to infamous maximum security prison, says aide". Politico Europe. ^ "АÐ>>ексея Ð'аваÐ>>ьноÐ"о отÐÑавиÐ>>и в "Ðыточную" коÐ>>онию '– 6 во Ð'Ð>>адимиÑской обÐ>>асти". Meduza. 15 June 2022. ^ "Statement on Alexei Navalny's status as Prisoner of Conscience". Amnesty International. 7 May 2021. Archived from the original on 9 May 2021 . Retrieved 9 May 2021 . ^ "CNN investigation uncovers tailing of Alexey Navalny prior to poisoning". YouTube. CNN . Retrieved 18 February 2024 . ^ "Alexey Navalny's interview for HARDtalk, BBC". YouTube. АÐ>>ексей Ð'аваÐ>>ьный . Retrieved 18 February 2024 . ^ "Alexey Navalny: The 2020 60 Minutes Interview". YouTube. 60 Minutes . Retrieved 18 February 2024 . ^ Legvold, Robert (January''February 2017). "Opposing Forces: Plotting the New Russia [review]". Foreign Affairs (January/February 2017). ^ Navalny, Alexei (23 May 2022). "Vladimir Putin: The 100 Most Influential People of 2022". Time . Retrieved 29 November 2022 . General and cited references Michnik, Adam; Navalny, Alexei (2015). Ð--иаÐ>>оÐ"и [Dialogues] (in Russian). Novoye Izdatel'stvo. ISBN 978-5-98379-198-5. OCLC 1166734566. Further reading Dollbaum, Jan Matti (2020). "Protest trajectories in electoral authoritarianism: from Russia's 'For Fair Elections' movement to Alexei Navalny's presidential campaign". Post-Soviet Affairs. 36 (3): 192''210. doi:10.1080/1060586X.2020.1750275. S2CID 216376972. Ebel, Francesca (16 February 2024). "Biden blames Putin for Navalny's death, praises Russian opposition leader". Washington Post. "A Chronology of Navalny's recent health scares". Gupta, Gava (16 February 2024). "Live Updates: Biden Says 'Putin Is Responsible' After Report of Navalny's Death". New York Times. "Here is a timeline of Navalny's career". External links Official website (in Russian) Navalny's page for the Yale World Fellows Program"Palace for Putin. History of the biggest bribery" '' a video released by Navalny on 19 January 2021, after returning to Moscow.Rai News 24. Video footages (16-17 February 2024; 2:43) of a convoy, presumably carrying the body of Alexei Navalny, moving from Labytnangi across Ob to Salehard. Rai News 24, 20 February 2024

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 17:53

In a landmark decision on February 2024, France's National Assembly passed a critical piece of legislation aimed at curtailing sectarian aberrations that have seen a surge, especially in the health sector. This new law, poised to reshape the landscape of healthcare in France, zeroes in on combating the menace posed by false therapists and unconventional health beliefs promoting medically unsubstantiated treatments for serious ailments. At the heart of this legislation is the creation of an offense termed "provocation to the abandonment of care," a move that has stirred considerable debate across the nation.

Striking at the Roots of Sectarian AberrationsThe French legislative body's decision comes as a response to increasing concerns over the influence of cultic practices and unorthodox health beliefs, particularly those that advocate for abandoning conventional medical treatment. Highlighting cases where individuals were persuaded to opt for treatments like mistletoe injections or lemon juice in lieu of proven cancer therapies, the law aims to safeguard public health by imposing stringent penalties. Offenders face up to one year in prison and a fine of 30,000 euros, signaling the government's stern stance on this issue.

A Contentious Path to Legislative ApprovalThe journey to the law's approval was fraught with controversy and heated debates, reflecting the delicate balance between safeguarding public health and preserving individual freedoms. Initially met with resistance and criticized for potentially infringing on freedom of expression, the proposed legislation underwent significant amendments. These changes included stipulations for ensuring clear, comprehensive information and consent, addressing concerns that the law could be used to suppress dissenting opinions on health policy or inadvertently target whistleblowers in the pharmaceutical industry.

Reactions and the Road AheadThe law's passage has elicited a mixed reaction from the public and opposition coalitions, who argue that it could threaten public freedoms and fundamental human rights. Critics fear that the broad definition of "provocation to the abandonment of care" might be leveraged against legitimate critique and discussion of health policy and pharmaceutical practices. Despite these concerns, proponents of the law argue that it is a necessary measure to protect vulnerable individuals from being swayed by dangerous and scientifically unfounded treatments, especially in the wake of the Covid crisis that has seen a proliferation of such practices.

As France embarks on this new chapter in healthcare regulation, the law against sectarian aberrations symbolizes a critical step toward protecting public health while navigating the complex interplay of freedom and responsibility. It underscores the need for vigilance against the backdrop of evolving health crises and the perennial challenge of ensuring that the fight against medical misinformation does not come at the expense of fundamental freedoms. The law, now a part of France's legal framework, embodies the nation's resolve to combat health-related sectarian aberrations while striving to uphold the principles of liberty and informed choice.

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Washington has fondly hoped that it could bring about regime change in Russia. Now it seems even more likely that there will be regime change, but not in Russia '' in Kiev.

The catalyst for regime change in Kiev is the bloody and now ended battle over Avdiivka.

Avdiivka is very close to Donetsk city, the capital area of the Donbas region. Donetsk is about halfway between Mariupol on the Sea of Azov and Luhansk in the north. Both Donetsk and Luhansk are regions (oblasts) in eastern Ukraine with mostly Russian-speaking populations. Both Donetsk and Luhansk, along with Kherson and Zaporizhzhia, were annexed by the Russians in September 2022.

Russian soldiers hold annexation documents ready for signature, September 30, 2022 Annexations included Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.The recent battle over Avdiivka began four months ago, and from January the Russians began wearing down the Ukrainian defenders of the city. The Russian operation included attacks from the north, some of which focused on a huge coke-making plant; and from the South in multiple thrusts on the city's flanks.

By the end of the first week of February, the Russian armed forces had cut the city in two and were steadily advancing while pounding the city with artillery and FAB bombs. These are high explosive bombs of different sizes (FAB-500, FAB-1500 '' the number is the bomb size in kilograms).

Avdiivka coke plantAvdiivka was highly fortified and a difficult target for the Russian army. The Russians focused on flank attacks that eventually squeezed off resupply of weapons and food and made rotation of forces difficult.By the last week of the battle the roads in and out of the city were under Russian fire control.

President Volodymyr Zelensky staked his reputation on Avdiivka and wanted it held at all costs. He fired his overall commander Valery Zaluzhny, who saw Avdiivka as a lost cause. Zaluzhny wanted to pull Ukrainian forces back from the existing line of contact and move them into defensible fortifications that could protect Kiev and other important cities.

Zelensky takes a selfie at Avdiivka on December 29, 2023. This area was captured by Russian troops in mid-February, 2024.Enter Syrsky, who had been ground commander under Zaluzhny and was now put in charge of all Ukrainian military forces. Syrsky is the same guy whose tactics led to the collapse of Bakhmut and very heavy casualties, earning that city the name ''meat grinder.''

Syrsky immediately called up three or four brigades to save Avdiivka from collapse. But his planned rescue operation almost immediately got into serious trouble.

Some of Syrsky's brigades were being assembled and organized in a small town around 15 kilometers from Avdiivka, called Selydove. The Russians discovered the Ukrainian army operations in Selydove and attacked with Iskander missiles and cluster weapons.

A destroyed building in Selydove. Was it a hospital or a barracks, or both? Ukraine State Police identify it as a hospital. Photo: Ukraine State PoliceAccording to Russian sources blogging on various media networks (Telegram and X, for example), the Russian attack all but wiped out an entire brigade with heavy Ukrainian casualties.

Russian airstrikes hit a hospital,ccording to the region's governor.Ukraine's propaganda mill went into high gear, alleging that the Russian attack was aimed at a hospital's maternity ward in Selydov. But the reality was that Ukraine lost around 1,000 to 1,500 soldiers.

Most western news sources parroted the Ukrainian line.

Zelensky was on his way to the Munich Security Conference, where he got a standing ovation. Before he left Kiev he ordered Syrsky to stop the Russians from taking Avdiivka.

Zelensky speaks at Munich Security Conference.Syrsky committed the 3rd Brigade to the fight for the city. The 3rd Separate Assault Brigade in reality is the reformed Azov Brigade. The Azov brigade is the backbone of Zelensky's ultra-nationalist support in Ukraine. If any organization in Ukraine fits Putin's description of Ukrainian Nazis, the 3rd Brigade is the premier example. Zelensky's political power depends on the Ukrainian military, and in particular the ultra-nationalists.

'Azov' far-right activists shout slogans during the march. Thousands of Ukrainian servicemen and volunteers took part in the March of patriots marking the Volunteer Day honoring soldiers who joined the Ukrainian Army during a military conflict in eastern Ukraine. Photo: Pavlo Goncha / SOPA Image / LightRocketThe 3rd Brigade did not perform as advertised. When its units got into Avdiivka, coming in from the north, they found the situation dire. By that time there were around 4,500 Ukrainian soldiers in the northern parts of the city, mostly holed up in the coke plant. Another 3,500 were in the center of the city verging on the southern town's districts and an old abandoned airfield.

The 3rd Brigade disobeyed orders and ran out of the town, countermanding Syrsky and Zelensky's explicit orders. Above all, Zelensky did not want to get embarrassed while he was at the Munich conference exactly while he was running around trying to get more ammunition.

Ukrainian troops surrenderingSome from the 3rd Brigade surrendered to the Russians. This is what triggered Syrsky to signal a retreat and abandon Avdiivka. That retreat was a significant blow to Zelensky's prestige and, apparently, there were angry phone calls from Munich to Syrsky. But Syrsky had little choice, other than to openly surrender. Instead he announced a ''new'' strategy, precisely what Zaluzhny had previously recommended.

The loss of Avdiivka leaves Zelensky in a bad situation. He has all but lost his most ardent supporters in the Army, has humiliated his former commander Zaluzhny and replaced him with Syrsky who has a reputation as a loser. He has lost face with the Europeans '' and probably with the United States, although it is hard to tell for sure.

Syrsky interview by German TV outlet ZDF a few days before he ordered Avdiivka abandoned.Zelensky counters by saying Ukraine will get Avdiivka back, ''absolutely.''

Washington does not want a deal with the Russians. All its focus has been on handing Russia multiple defeats, squeezing the Russians dry and replacing the country's leader, Putin. Biden's team also can't stomach the idea that the Ukrainians might make a deal with Russia and undermine the policy.

Most of the central elements of Washington's policy have failed. Excessive sanctions did not break the Russian economy but succeeded in driving the Russians in a wholly new direction, embracing China and India and BRICS. US technology did not turn the tide of war in Ukraine's favor.

Not talking to the Russians helped solidify the Russian view that Washington and NATO were the enemy, intensifying their already stressed view that they had been lied to over the years about NATO expansion. While the US and Europe either could not or would not revitalize their defense industrial base, the Russians did so with a vengeance.

Meanwhile the US and Europe are standing by for the war to end and hundreds of billions to be sunk into rebuilding Ukraine, which is less and less likely to happen under US and European auspices.

The bottom line is that Zelensky's regime is tottering. Because of Zelensky's martial law-based regime, there will be no elections and no open political process. But anger in the army is growing, and sooner or later the military will choose a leader, most likely Zaluzhny.

There will be regime change in Kiev, coming soon.

Stephen Bryen served as staff director of the Near East Subcommittee of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and as a deputy undersecretary of defense for policy. This article was first published on his Weapons and Strategy Substack and is republished with permission.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 14:41

The Charlotte Mecklenburg Police Department said eight people were arrested Saturday during a 10-hour "protest and standoff" that stemmed from an Eritrean "cultural event." Clashes erupted between rival groups of Eritreans, and police confirmed that officers trying to disperse the unlawful crowds were attacked by people wielding sticks, rocks and other items.

Crowds also set a tractor on fire in North Carolina's largest city, and police seized a total of two firearms over the course of several hours.

Fox News Digital reached out to the department Sunday seeking the identities and more information about those eight arrested.

The incident first began shortly after 11:30 a.m. Saturday, when CMPD's Providence Division responded to "an unlawful protest happening in the parking lot of a business hosting an Eritrean cultural event" on Monroe Road. "Protesters were on private property and were spilling out into the road, which prompted officers to close Monroe Road. Dispersal orders were repeatedly given to protesters throughout the duration of the protest, however they refused to disperse," police said in a press release. "Charlotte Fire and MEDIC responded to assist."

Shortly after 3:00 p.m., CMPD Bike Unit officers attempted to move protesters out of the street.

"Several protesters threw objects and pushed back against the officers. Officers then deployed pepper spray," the department confirmed. "Multiple protesters and officers were treated on scene for injuries related to the pepper spray."

ALLEGED CIVILIAN MASSACRE REPORTED IN ETHIOPIA AS US CALLS FOR INVESTIGATION

Police said, during this time, a female protester struck an officer, and a firearm was seized from her person.

Charlotte police officers responded to a protest at an Eritrean cultural event. (Charlotte Mecklenburg Police Department)

She was charged with inciting to riot, failure to disperse, injury to personal property and assault on a government official.

The charges for all eight suspects included impeding traffic and failure to disperse.

Shortly after 6:30 p.m., dispersal orders were given again as protesters began blocking the entrance to the private business hosting the cultural event, police said.

The CMPD's Civil Emergency Unit was deployed to disperse the crowds shortly after 7:20 p.m.

"The officers were met with violence and hostility, with protesters throwing objects," the department said in its initial press release. "Over the course of several hours, the CEU gave multiple dispersal orders in English and Spanish and were again met with violence from protesters wielding sticks, rocks and other items."

"Protesters then intentionally set fire to a nearby tractor trailer. The Charlotte Fire Department quickly extinguished the fire and contained the scene," police said. "Shortly before 9 p.m., officers assisted with allowing the cultural event attendees to leave the scene. Protesters remained on scene initially but dispersed a short time later."

Eritreans set fires in The Hague, The Netherlands, Saturday night. (Reuters/Instagram@Sterkbusiness)

As the incident unfolded, the police department provided regular updates on X.

HUNDREDS OF AFRICAN MIGRANTS GET INTO MASS BRAWL, LEADING TO BLOOD-STAINED STREETS IN ISRAEL

One post illustrated how the Eritrean cultural event was being protested by a rival group, but more information was not immediately available. "The people attending the event that was being protested have ended their event and left the scene. Protesters remain on scene and still have not dispersed," CMPD wrote at the time.

The North Carolina unrest happened the same day rioting broke out between two rival groups of Eritreans in the Netherlands on Saturday night.

Police said officers there used tear gas in an attempt to quell the unrest in The Hague as rioters torched police cars and a bus.

Images from the scene showed vehicles in flames and dozens of men in the street, some throwing rocks.

Rival Eritreans set fires in the streets of The Hague, Netherlands, on Saturday. (Reuters/Instagram@Sterkbusiness)

The Hague Municipality spokesman Robin Middel said a group loyal to Eritrea's government was holding a meeting when the venue was attacked by Eritreans who oppose the African nation's government. Police spokeswoman Kristianne van Blanken said she could not immediately say if anybody was injured or if any rioters were arrested.

The fighting is the latest outbreak of violence at Eritrean events in Europe.

Dozens of people, including at least 26 police officers, were injured during unrest surrounding an Eritrean cultural festival in the southwestern German city of Stuttgart in September 2023. A fight the same month between Eritrean government supporters and opponents in Tel Aviv led to violent street confrontations among African asylum-seekers and migrants.

Months earlier, a clash at an Eritrean festival in the western German city of Giessen left 22 police officers injured.

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Tens of thousands of people have fled Eritrea for Europe, many alleging they were mistreated by the repressive government of President Isaias Afwerki. The conflicts underscore deep divisions among members of the Eritrean diaspora between those who remain close to the government and those who have fled to live in exile and strongly oppose Afwerki.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.

Danielle Wallace is a reporter for Fox News Digital covering politics, crime, police and more. Story tips can be sent to danielle.wallace@fox.com and on Twitter: @danimwallace.

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 05:10

South Carolina Primary Who's Running for President? G.O.P. Delegate Tracker Candidates on the Issues A Guide to Super Tuesday U.S. World Business Arts Lifestyle Opinion Audio Games Cooking Wirecutter The Athletic South Carolina Primary Who's Running for President? G.O.P. Delegate Tracker Candidates on the Issues A Guide to Super Tuesday Bracing for yet another election against Donald Trump, America's liberals are feeling the fatigue. ''We're kind of, like, crises-ed out,'' one Democrat said.

Shannon Caseber, a Democrat who would back President Biden over Donald Trump, said, ''Any sense of urgency that we had with the 2020 election '-- I think it's still there in the sense that no one wants Trump to be president, at least for Democrats, but it's exhausting.'' Credit... Jeff Swensen for The New York Times In 2017 they donned pink hats to march on Washington, registering their fury with Donald J. Trump by the hundreds of thousands.

Then they flipped the House from Republican control, won the presidency and secured a surprisingly strong showing in the 2022 midterm elections, galvanized by their conviction that Mr. Trump and his allies constituted a national emergency.

This year, anti-Trump voters are grappling with another powerful sentiment: exhaustion.

''Some folks are burned out on outrage,'' said Rebecca Lee Funk, the Washington-based founder of the Outrage, a progressive activism group and a purveyor of resistance-era apparel. ''People are tired. I think last election we were desperate to get Trump out of office, and folks were willing to rally around that singular call to action. And this election feels different.''

But for Democrats, the mission is similar: Now defending the White House, President Biden is trying to reassemble that sprawling anti-Trump coalition, casting the 2024 contest as another battle to save American democracy as Mr. Trump moves toward the Republican nomination.

Mr. Biden, however, has a lot of work to do. Interviews with nearly two dozen Democratic voters, activists and officials make clear his challenge in energizing Americans who are unenthusiastic about a likely 2020 rematch, are worried about his age, and, in some cases, are struggling to sustain the searing anger toward Mr. Trump that Democrats have relied on for nearly a decade.

''We're kind of, like, crises-ed out,'' said Shannon Caseber, 36, a security guard in Pittsburgh who called the prospect of a Trump-Biden rematch a ''dumpster fire.'' She added, ''It's crisis fatigue, for sure.''

Ms. Caseber, a Democrat who would back Mr. Biden over Mr. Trump, added, ''Any sense of urgency that we had with the 2020 election '-- I think it's still there in the sense that no one wants Trump to be president, at least for Democrats, but it's exhausting.''

Democrats are hardly alone in their political fatigue: A Pew Research Center survey last year found that 65 percent of Americans said they always or often felt exhausted when they thought about politics.

''Exhaustion is underlying the entire attitude toward our presidential election,'' said Whit Ayres, a veteran Republican pollster. ''When you've got two people that are opposed by 70 percent of Americans who want a different choice, it creates frustration, anxiety and discouragement.''

Image Mr. Trump at a campaign rally in Conway, S.C. He faces questions about whether he can expand his political support, but his base remains highly enthusiastic. Credit... Sean Rayford for The New York Times But there are pronounced warning signs on the left, as well.

A CNN poll recently asked how motivated Americans were to vote in the election. Republicans, out of power and eager to regain it, were more likely to say ''extremely motivated.'' A Yahoo News/YouGov poll asked voters last fall about their attitudes toward the 2024 election. Thirty-nine percent of Democrats picked ''exhaustion'' from the list of sentiments offered (a close second to ''dread''). Just 26 percent of Republicans chose ''exhaustion.''

Broadly, surveys have shown erosion in the party's standing with traditional Democratic constituencies. On the left, some groups have warned of funding challenges and voter apathy, and the most visible source of in-the-streets energy is progressive frustration with Mr. Biden over his support for Israel.

Lauren Hitt, a spokeswoman for Mr. Biden, said there was tangible evidence of enthusiasm in recent weeks, including on the fund-raising front.

She also signaled that the campaign's messaging would go beyond simply opposing Mr. Trump, drawing contrasts with Republicans on abortion rights and gun safety as she described the stakes of the election, and nodding to Mr. Biden's policy accomplishments on issues like combating climate change and child poverty.

''This election determines whether we build on that progress or we lose so many of our fundamental freedoms,'' she said in a statement.

Many Democrats have argued that the party must do more to press an affirmative case for Mr. Biden's re-election, beyond just stopping Mr. Trump again. They also worry that some voters could vote third-party or sit out altogether this year.

''They hear it every cycle: This is the most important election ever,'' said Leah D. Daughtry, a Democratic strategist.

While she considers Mr. Trump an ''existential threat,'' she said, ''people want to vote for something and not necessarily against something.''

Max Dower, the founder of the clothing line Unfortunate Portrait, recently designed a $78 shirt that reflected his sense of feeling ''uninspired'' about the election. It featured an image of Mr. Biden, 81, using a walker to fend off a cane-wielding Mr. Trump, 77, with the message, ''Vote 2024.'' He said it had drawn more engagement on social media than any design he had posted in roughly eight years (it also inevitably set off political battles in his Instagram comments).

After years of feeling that the country was veering from one crisis to the next, Mr. Dower, who said he voted for Mr. Biden in 2020, suggested that he was burned out.

''We've dealt with so many emergencies these past few years: national emergencies, perceived emergencies, real emergencies '-- it's just kind of like, that is not really a strong motivator for me anymore,'' said Mr. Dower, who is based in Los Angeles. He declined to say how he would vote this year, but said he was unlikely to cast a ballot for Mr. Trump.

''A lot of us would like a more positive thing to motivate us,'' he said. ''Not just purely, Do this or else this bad thing is going to happen.''

Certainly, Mr. Trump is hardly a morning-in-America candidate. And while some have tuned him out since he left office, he will be unavoidable in an election year '-- reminding voters, Democrats hope, of everything they have long disliked about him.

The former president, whose supporters attacked the Capitol to try to overturn the 2020 election, has encouraged political violence, spread conspiracy theories and preached a darkly nativist vision. He has sought to undermine American institutions and threatened to upend the international order, recently suggesting that he would encourage Russian aggression against American allies.

''People are going to be more alert because Trump has become even more outrageous in his post-presidency,'' Gov. Roy Cooper of North Carolina, a Democrat, said in an interview last month. ''It will be a challenge to make sure that people are aware of what he is doing, because I think that sometimes he is so outrageous, so consistently, that there's a danger that it can be normalized. But I do believe that the stakes will be so high in this election that people will, at the end of the day, understand that our democracy truly is at stake.''

Image Gov. Roy Cooper of North Carolina, a Democrat, said it would be a challenge to make sure that voters are aware of what Mr. Trump is doing ''because I think that sometimes he is so outrageous, so consistently, that there's a danger that it can be normalized.'' Credit... Anna Rose Layden for The New York Times Democrats are also trying to put abortion rights on the ballot, literally and figuratively. The Biden campaign has already started advertising on the issue.

Leah Greenberg, the co-executive director of the Indivisible Project, a progressive grass-roots group, said her organization was supporting ballot measure efforts that would protect abortion rights in key states. She also argued that full Democratic control of Washington could lead to meaningful abortion protections nationally.

''Burnout tends to be a function of a sense of powerlessness,'' she said. ''People are activated around getting our rights back.''

That kind of message resonated with Dorothy Stevenson, 64, of Milwaukee. She did not vote for president in 2020, she said, alluding to Mr. Biden's tough-on-crime record as a senator, saying she worried at the time that he was not ''really for Black people.'' Now, she said, she is unexcited by her choices, but intends to support Mr. Biden because she believes the stakes of the election are higher.

''It's really, really, really, really because of the abortion issue '-- I think that they need to stay away from women's bodies,'' she said. The potential return of Mr. Trump, she said, is ''a crisis.''

Image Dorothy Stevenson digging out a protest sign this month in Milwaukee. Credit... Jamie Kelter Davis for The New York Times Many Americans have been in denial about the prospect of a Trump-Biden rematch. But as Mr. Trump moves closer to being renominated, some Democrats say their voters are beginning to grasp the significance of his return.

Representative Veronica Escobar, Democrat of Texas and a Biden campaign co-chair, said she ''heard some fatigue and some concern'' in the recent past.

But after Mr. Trump won the New Hampshire primary, she said, ''there has been a palpable shift. And it's what I had hoped for. I hope we can sustain it and grow it.''

In Washington, Ms. Funk of the Outrage suggested that to do so, some voters now ''want to be reminded of what's good about this country.''

''It's been a long slog,'' she added, ''for those of us in the movement.''

Ruth Igielnik contributed reporting.

Katie Glueck is a national political reporter. Previously, she was chief Metro political correspondent, and a lead reporter for The Times covering the Biden campaign. She also covered politics for McClatchy's Washington bureau and for Politico. More about Katie Glueck

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The state in 2019 became the first state to allow an alternate method to traditional burial or cremation procedures.

OLYMPIA, Wash. '-- The composting of human remains has turned into a growing business in Washington state. The state in 2019 became the first state to allow an alternate method to traditional burial or cremation procedures.

Four companies in Washington are licensed to turn remains into soil: Earth, Herland Forest Natural Burial Cemetery, Recompose, and Return Home.

According to the state's Department of Licensing (DOL), after one person chose the option in 2020, 112 were composted in 2021, and 280 opted for the procedure in 2022. Figures for 2023 have not been tallied yet, said a DOL spokesperson.

Six other states followed Washington's lead and now allow the procedure.

Earth's CEO Tom Harries said his company turns remains into soil in approximately 30 to 45 days.

He said the body is washed, wrapped in a plant-based shroud, and placed on a bed of mulch, woodchips, and wildflowers. The mixture is enclosed in what the company calls a vessel, which slowly rotates.

''This is completely natural. No insects, we get asked that sometimes, certainly no chemicals. This is pure nature, optimized,'' said Harries.

The typical body generates ''a couple of wheelbarrows'' worth of soil, said Harries. Loved ones have the option of taking some, or all of the soil. Whatever is not taken is placed on forested property owned by Earth on the Olympic Peninsula.

Harries said the company is looking to expand because of growing demand. He said they sell the procedure in advance for customers who want to be composted when they pass away.

''You can have this gentle natural process, that's net carbon neutral, that transforms you into soil,'' said Harries, ''For reforestation and whatever personal memorialization you would wish for.''

Sarah Lewontin chose to have her remains turned into soil after her death.

The Seattle mother said she likes the idea of her death not creating a carbon footprint.

''The remains then can be used to fertilize the kind of plants that keep us from disappearing as human beings from the earth, even as we're disappearing as individuals,'' said Lewontin.

She hopes her family will use her remains in the garden of their Seattle home.

WATCH: KING 5's top stories playlist on YouTube

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The New York attorney general made the remarks in an interview with ABC News.

February 20, 2024, 4:50 PM

Four days after a judge ordered former President Donald Trump to pay $354 million in his civil fraud case, New York Attorney General Letitia James told ABC News that she is prepared to seize the former president's assets if he is unable to find the cash to cover the fine.

"If he does not have funds to pay off the judgment, then we will seek judgment enforcement mechanisms in court, and we will ask the judge to seize his assets," James said in an interview with ABC News' Aaron Katersky.

Trump was fined $354.8 million plus approximately $100 million in pre-judgment interest on Friday after Judge Arthur Engoron determined that he inflated his net worth in order get more favorable loan terms.

The former president has denied all wrongdoing and has said he will appeal.

Saying that she was "very confident" with the strength of her case on appeal, James reiterated that her office would not hesitate to seize Trump's assets -- mentioning Trump's 40 Wall Street skyscraper by name -- if the former president is unable to find the cash to cover the court-ordered disgorgement.

"We are prepared to make sure that the judgment is paid to New Yorkers, and yes, I look at 40 Wall Street each and every day," James said of the standard court process for collecting judgments in civil cases.

James directly countered Trump's allegation that the case lacked any victims, instead describing her case as vital to ensuring financial markets treat New Yorkers fairly.

Attorney General Letitia James arrives for a press conference following a verdict against former President Donald Trump in a civil fraud trial on Feb. 16, 2024 in New York City.

Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images, FILE

"Financial frauds are not victimless crimes. He engaged in this massive amount of fraud. It wasn't just a simple mistake, a slight oversight, the variations are wildly exaggerated, and the extent of the fraud was staggering," James said. "If average New Yorkers went into a bank and submitted false documents, the government would throw the book at them, and the same should be true for former presidents."

James also rebuffed Trump's allegation that the case will prompt a mass exodus of business activity from New York.

"Last I checked tourism is up. Wall Street is doing just fine," James said.

With Trump losing two civil cases against columnist E. Jean Carroll, facing Georgia election interference charges from Fulton County District Attorney Fani Willis, and now losing his case against James, the New York AG concluded the interview with an observation about Trump's legal cases.

"Someone once told me if you want something done, give it to a woman," James said.

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It has been two and a half months since the small, picturesque town of Greiz, Thuringia, became one of the first places in Germany to introduce the controversial "pay card" scheme for asylum-seekers '-- and, according to state administrator Martina Schweinsburg of the conservative Christian Democratic Union (CDU), it has been a success.

That's mainly because, Schweinsburg argues, it has eased a lot of tension in the small eastern German town.

The sight of non-Germans paying cash did not help ease tension in the community, she says.

"When they go into a supermarket and buy groceries for '‚¬20 and unroll a big pack of money to pull out a hundred-euro note, then it doesn't make a good impression," Schweinsburg told DW, sitting in her office. "I wanted to bring peace."

Martina Schweinsburg says the new debit card has brought peace to GreizImage: Ben Knight/DWIf that is true, however, it is just a side effect. The point of the pay card initiative, some form of which is likely to be rolled out by state governments across Germany in the coming year, is to prevent state benefits from being sent outside the country to pay family or human traffickers abroad.

The city-state of Hamburg has become the first state to roll out the debit card, Bavaria has announced plans to forge ahead, and other German states are following suit.

Though there are various versions of the pay card under discussion, the model in Greiz is simple: Those seeking asylum will have most of their '‚¬496 ($533) in monthly benefits paid on a special chip card, while the rest '-- "pocket money" of around '‚¬100 (depending on the case) '-- is paid in cash.

Greiz has 730 asylum-seekers. At the moment, benefits for around 200 of them have been switched to use the card, the others are to follow suit by the beginning of March.

Credit cards in a cash-friendly worldThe card can be used in any store that accepts Mastercard credit card payments, but only those within the Greiz postcodes, and cannot be used for internet purchases. That's good for large supermarkets but not great for small grocery stores.

Asian and Middle-Eastern food stores in Greiz need to get a card reader to keep their business afloatImage: Ben Knight/DWGreiz, like Germany generally, is not particularly credit-card friendly '-- cafes and fast-food stands, for instance, are largely still cash only almost everywhere. None of the Asian and Middle-Eastern food stores that DW visited in the Greiz town center took card payments, though one Arab shop owner said he was planning to get a card reader just because of the new pay card.

"It's bad for me," Ibrahim (name changed) told DW. "I sell a lot of Arab products, and I've noticed that since the card was introduced, some people were only buying essential items, like bread. People aren't happy about it."

Schweinsburg says she has only heard one complaint herself: "One woman complained '-- she was from one of the Middle Eastern countries '-- that she can't pay off her debts at home anymore. And then my colleagues told her clearly that the money is there to finance a living in Germany and not for debts at home '-- she gulped, and accepted it."

The ultimate aim of the pay card, though rarely said out loud, is to help discourage immigration altogether '-- and there is some evidence that there has been an immediate effect on this front. According to Schweinsburg, 15 people, or three families, "from the former Yugoslavia," rejected the card and left the country immediately '-- "but when they go, they're just gone and they don't say why, so we can't prove it statistically that they left because of the pay card."

Easier paymentsThough it has clearly come with some inconvenience for asylum-seekers, some of the volunteers who help them think it is, overall, a good thing. Volunteer workers that DW visited at a clothing bank for migrants described the scheme as "discriminatory," but they thought it also had its benefits '-- they said they had noticed it had helped families to budget their money better.

Volunteer workers in a clothing bank for migrants described the scheme as 'discriminatory,' but also thought that it had its benefits Image: Ben Knight/DWTown councilor Holger Steiniger of the socialist Left Party voted in favor of the scheme, even though his party is officially against pay cards at a national level. "They have some positive effects, and they outweigh the drawbacks," he told DW. "You just have to look at the mood in the population." What he means by "mood" has a lot to do with the fact that 29% of Greiz voters favored the anti-immigration Alternative for Germany (AfD) at the last federal election in 2021 '-- easily beating the Social Democrats, on 22%, into second place.

"With this pay card, I can disarm a lot of untruths and fake news," Steiniger told DW. "People can go shopping, but they can't withdraw cash, and they have no way of paying traffickers or whatever." That last point has become important to him, especially when talking to locals who are convinced that the money immediately gets sent abroad, though there is no clear evidence of this.

He also says the pay card system has removed a lot of bureaucratic and security issues for the local authority, mainly associated with making sure all the cash was available on the first of every month.

The only thing he criticizes is the postcode restriction, which, of course, heavily restricts freedom of movement for asylum-seekers. "This card has basically reintroduced the obligation to stay in one area," he said. "The shopping facilities in the Greiz area aren't exactly the best, that's a bit of a problem."

The Left Party's Holger Steiniger voted for the pay card, and says it has improved the mood in townImage: Ben Knight/DWHuman rights concernsBut others aren't so happy with the new measure, and the apparent enthusiasm for it sweeping through Germany's political ranks. Peter L¼ckmann, head of the refugee help organization Aufandhalt in the neighboring town of Gera, said that the asylum-seekers he has been helping are unhappy with the scheme but are reluctant to speak out.

"We can't find anyone who's had the courage to talk about it," L¼ckmann told DW. "Because what they say will certainly be critical, and they're simply afraid because if they're identifiable the authorities will have administrative tools to make their lives even harder."

What he's heard from the asylum-seekers is that the pay card is too restrictive. "If they could really use the card everywhere you could use a normal bank card '-- so you could buy a coffee or go to the hairdresser with it '-- then it would be worth a try," he said, adding that since it's effectively a credit card, it can't be used everywhere.

The bigger issue is that there's a good reason why asylum-seekers send money abroad. L¼ckmann said that a lot of the people he advises do indeed send money home '-- "Because their families actually depend on it to survive."

Edited by Rina Goldenberg

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While you're here: Every Tuesday, DW editors round up what is happening in German politics and society. You can sign up here for the weekly email newsletter Berlin Briefing.

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